| 英文摘要 |
This project aimed to study the recycling and reuse of spent lithium-cobalt battery and lithium-iron battery. Based on our previous experiences and technology on the catalysis, we tried to recycle the materials from spent lithium batteries for manufacturing the environmental catalysts for air pollution control. Different recycling and manufacturing methods were investigated. The characteristics and catalytic activities of synthesized catalysts for different air pollutants were analyzed and tested. The results showed that the major metals in spent lithium-cobalt batteries were lithium 5%, cobalt 50%, nickel 3%, manganese 3% and the major metals in spent lithium-iron batteries were lithium 4%, iron 27%, and copper 4%. All of them were potential materials for manufacturing catalysts. The catalytic activities of metal powders in the anode of spent lithium batteries were bad. With using the precipitation-oxidation method to prepare the lithium-cobalt catalysts from spent lithium-cobalt batteries, their catalytic activities for propane decomposition, CO oxidation, and NO reduction were well improved and excellent. The conversion efficiencies of the regenerated lithium-cobalt catalysts for those three gas pollutants were all above 99% even at low temperatures 200-300 oC. However, the catalytic activities of regenerated lithium-iron catalysts from spent lithium-iron batteries were unsatisfied. In the second part of the experiments, the dissolution and impregnation method were used for manufacturing the pellet and honeycomb catalysts from the spent lithium batteries. The catalytic activities of lithium-iron catalysts were well improved. Experimental results showed that the optimal operation conditions of lithium-cobalt pellet catalysts were occurred at the reaction temperature and space velocity of 400 oC and 8,488 hr-1 or 500 oC and 25,465 hr-1. The optimal operation conditions of lithium-iron pellet catalysts were occurred at 500 oC and 8,488 hr-1. The conversion rates of C3H6 and CO at these conditions were higher than 90~99%. The optimal recycling and preparing processes for the manufacture of environmental catalysts from the spent lithium batteries was proposed according to the experimental results and experiences. The results of cost analysis and economic evaluation indicated that the dominated operation cost on manufacturing catalysts from spent lithium batteries was for the catalyst support. Due to the price and profit of commercial catalysts were high, the revenue of selling lithium-cobalt catalysts and lithium-iron catalysts were higher than the manufacturing cost. As a result, recycling the spent lithium batteries to manufacture catalysts was highly economic and feasible.
|