| 英文摘要 |
The project started on May 27, 2014, which includes FTIR monitoring, offshore island industrial zones (in the factory), and Yunlin area near industrial zones and away from industrial area (outside the factory) for pollutant monitoring works. This project includes volatile contaminants (VOCs), particulate, dust, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) and metal elements. Through the effective implementation of this plan, it can grasp the offshore island industrial zone preceding the sources of pollution, establish background of concentrations for the key site of industrial zone, and then clarify the impact brought by the Yunlin area offshore island industrial zones
The outcome of projects this year as follows:
I. Through FTIR monitoring works explore different seasons, the impact of offshore island industrial zones on its surroundings.
This project according to two sets of OP-FTIR has monitored at least 180 days in the county to monitor the offshore island industrial area as Nan Men measuring line, Feng An measuring and Xu Cuo measuring lines. The results described below:
1. The main species measured ethylene and ammonia, ethylene in Nan Men station when northeasterly winds when a majority of high value occurred; in Feng An of the station when the wind is westerly northwest occur when a high value; at the station when Xu Cuo northwest westerly winds when there is a high value occurs, according to the relative positions of the three stations Collocation ethylene impact may come from the factory. In part ammonia, in Nan Men survey line when the wind direction is southeast east to south wind, the often high concentrations occur; in Feng An of survey lines have high values occur when the wind direction is northeast to east; to Xu Cuo survey line when the wind direction is east-northeast to east occurs when there is a high value, high ammonia measured value may be influenced by the surrounding livestock.
2. Species were over olfactory thresholds: The Concentration of ammonia was measured in three measuring lines over olfactory threshold.
3. The trends via the Tai-Shi PAMs and the OP –FTIR of Nan Men measuring line measured for ethylene, propylene and propane concentrations, can reasonably be assumed that the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the environment around the offshore island industrial zones is obviously affected by it.
4. Xu Cuo measuring line monitored vinyl chloride at first time in this year, and the maximum concentration values was 97.51ppb. Although the value less than regulatory standards, but it still worth the follow-up concerns.
II. The offshore island Industrial area (in the factory) and the far area (outside the factory) were investigated for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metal elements of the trend and distribution properties.
1. This project distinguishes industrial area, near industrial area and away from industrial area to comparing changes of sampling day and the concentration at night. The results can be seen with the sampling of PM2.5 concentration was more between the autumn to the winter and the concentration was increased significantly. During the day and night, the three zones of concentration trend were insignificant.
2. The concentrations of PM2.5 were the highest in the region which was away from the industrial area. The concentration of PM2.5 is no significant difference between in the regions which was away from and near industrial zones. In these two regions, the day and night were with similar concentrations of PM2.5. It could be seen the variation of at day concentration was higher than night concentration in these three regions except the event day.
3. For the total average gaseous PAHs, its concentration was significantly affected by meteorological factors. Industrial zones and near industrial zones have higher average of wind speed and were fugitively fast and not easy for accumulation. Moreover, away from the industrial area with small and stable wind speed so the total concentration of PAHs is easier for accumulation, so total PAHs concentration of away from industrial area was not the lowest in these zones.
4. At the concentration of heavy metals part, three zones (industrial area, near industrial zones and away from the industrial area) the total heavy metal concentrations in day time were higher than night time. Human activities in day time were resulted in heavy metals distribution and significant correlation.
5. For the average of dust gauge: Mai-liao and Tai-Shi which is near industrial zones was the highest values of dust; Gu-keng and Lin-nei which is away from industrial zones is lower value of dust.
III. Comparing offshore island industrial zones, near industrial zones and away from the industrial area for PAHs and metal elements:
1. The source of PAHs in near industrial area is very similar with industrial area are subject to the higher possibility of emission of pollution and the patterns of combustion emissions of diesel which is the main combustion characteristics was made the most; away from industrial zones with diesel fuel combustion emissions and mixed PAHs volatilize are the most contribution.
2. Analysis how much Ind-metal in every unit of PM2.5 contained to observe total content of heavy metals daily PM2.5, as well as the ratio of industrial zones and near industrial zones were similar with trend. As to away from industrial areas were influenced by the road widening project and it caused the difference of concentration trend. After deducting the dust quantities, the distribution of total metal concentration of away from the industrial zones was significantly reduced both day and night. Moreover, the ratio of industrial zones near industrial zones were closer to trend.
3. Eliminate interference Me-PAHs, Ind-PAHs emission quantities of most offshore island industrial zones were significantly higher than far away from industrial zones. Meanwhile, Ind-PAHs were also affected by the offshore island industrial zone emission and the quantities were similar with offshore island industrial zones. Obliviously offshore island industrial zones and near industrial zones were haven many diesel vehicles and industrial activity was frequent. It was resulted in a higher proportion emission. According to they were less diesel car driving at away from industrial zones; the emission quantities of deducting methylated PAHs were also low.
4. With different molecular weights to discuss dust gauge distribution of PAHs compounds can be found during the sampling. Distribution of the district PAHs were mainly L-PAHs. Examining L-PAHs, M-PAHs and H-PAHs occupied how many proportions of T-PAHs. It was found diffusion distance of PAHs were different by the size and weight. Also, the proportion of near industrial zones were very close than industrial zones. It reveals that near industrial zones were affected by offshore island industrial zones’ emission.
5. The average of Ind-metals dust gauge distribution was similar with the average of total metal dust gauge. The highest was near industrial zones, and the second was offshore island industrial zones, the lowest was away from industrial zones. It reveals that near industrial zones were affected significantly by the pollution emissions of offshore island industrial zones than away from industrial zones.
IV. Monitoring of VOCs in the offshore island industrial zones and the surrounding areas to understand the changes of concentration of VOCs in Yunlin.
1. Measured the number of species and the distance of No.6 Naphtha Cracker Complex does not necessarily correlate, but it was measured VOCs species more at a distance of No.6 Naphtha Cracker Complex <10 km and> 20 km of the area in general.
2. Acetone of the frequency components in VOCs species are detected every time, and other common VOCs species sequentially is methanol, 2-butanone, toluene and propane.
3. The relatively high value of approximately occurs in a high near industrial zone of the exposed area of the measuring point.
4. The concern aggregated species of factory area is in Table 1. The concentration of concern species were in the line with Peripheral Boundary Standard. Those species were not only produced by FPC sixth naphtha cracker complex, but also contributed by mobile source or other stionary sources close to the site. They are carried to the area by airflow.
Table 1.The factory area of concern aggregated species.
Item Elements Maximum of detection
(ppb) Standard
(ppb) Carcinogenicity Measuring Samples
2013 2014
1 Benzene 7.9 500 Positive 9 5
2 1,3-Butadiene 31.9 100 Positive 4 4
3 Vinyl Chloride 1.4 60 Positive 0 1
4 Acrylonitrile 13.4 40 Possible 2 5
5 Dichloromethane 1.6 1,000 Possible 3 0
6 Vinyl Acetate 4.6 200 Possible 2 3
7 1,2- Dichloroethane 4.7 200 Possible 2 3
|