濕式冶金法結合離子液體回收汽車廢觸媒轉化器中貴金屬之研究
| 中文摘要 | 汽車觸媒轉化器在煙道的空氣污染控制上扮演重要角色，而其中可達到污染減量的關鍵材料為貴金屬Pt及Rh。由於地殼中Pt及Rh的含量相當稀少，加上市場供不應求，因此從廢棄的汽車觸媒轉化器回收貴金屬為重要的途徑。本研究利用濕式冶金法搭配離子液體來回收廢觸媒中之貴金屬Pt。首先利用王水將貴金屬浸漬溶出，在固液比1:5及溶出時間180分鐘時可得最佳Pt及Rh溶出率99.0% 及98.1%。並利用鋅粉置換將貴金屬Pt及Rh從王水中沉澱析出，與其他基本金屬分離。接著利用離子液體可萃取單一金屬的特性，將Pt萃取至離子液體中。以[QP][Cl]搭配實驗設計法進行貴金屬Pt萃取時，發現在第16組試程有最大萃取率99.9%。利用反應曲面法結合中心水準試程，可預測出最佳操作水準為pH5.86、反應時間32.8分鐘、離子液體濃度8.70 mM及螯合劑濃度385 mg/L，以該水準進行實驗驗證，Pt萃取率可達100%。接著以氯化銨(NH4Cl)來沉澱離子液體中之Pt，並生成六氯鉑酸銨((NH4)2PtCl6)。最後放入高溫爐中，以1000℃下鍛燒兩小時後，即可得純度99.95%之海綿Pt，達電子材料及表面活性劑所需之純度。 | ||
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| 中文關鍵字 | 汽車廢觸媒轉化器，貴金屬，離子液體 | ||
基本資訊
| 專案計畫編號 | EPA-104-X10 | 經費年度 | 104 | 計畫經費 | 1000 千元 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 專案開始日期 | 2015/01/01 | 專案結束日期 | 2015/11/30 | 專案主持人 | 林淵淙 |
| 主辦單位 | 回收基管會 | 承辦人 | 苑守成 | 執行單位 | 國立中山大學 |
成果下載
| 類型 | 檔名 | 檔案大小 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 期末報告 | EPA-104-X10期末報告定稿本.pdf | 5MB |
Using Hydrometallurgical with Ionic Liquids to Recovery Precious Metals from the Spent Automotive Ca
| 英文摘要 | The automotive catalysts play an important role in the control of air pollution emitted from the exhaust pipe. The critical materials for the reduction of air pollution are the noble metals−Platinum (Pt) and Rhodium (Rh). Due to the rare amount and short supply of the Pt and Rh, the recovery of noble metals from the spent automotive catalysts become the most important approach. In this study, the hydrometallurgical method and ionic liquid were applied to recovery the Pt. First of all, the aqua regia was used to strip out the Pt and Rh from the catalysts. As the solid to liquid ratio 1:5 and stripping time 180 minutes, there is a best stripping rate of Pt 99.0% and Rh 98.1%. Next, the Zn powder was used to precipitate the Pt and Rh out from the aqua regia. Then, the ionic liquid that has the ability to extract the single metal was used. Through the [QP][Cl] extraction experiment, the Pt extraction rate 99.9% was obtained at the run no.6 of the experimental design. With the response surface methodology, the best operation levels are pH5.86, reaction time 32.8 minutes, [QP][Cl] 8.7mM and chelator 385mg/L. The extraction rate was 100% under these best operation levels. Afterwards, the NH4Cl was used to precipitate the Pt from the [QP][Cl], and then (NH4)2PtCl6 was formed. At last, the Pt sponge (purify of 99.95%) was obtained by calcining the (NH4)2PtCl6 at 1000℃ in two hours. It could be apply on electronic materials and surfactants. | ||
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| 英文關鍵字 | Spent Automotive Catalysts, Noble Metals, Ionic Liquid | ||