| 英文摘要 |
The main goal of this project is to monitor the water quality of seven cities and counties in the southern area of Taiwan, and to analyze the degree of pollution in various bodies of water so that trends in water quality can be observed. The result of this investigation can provide grounds for policy making to environmental protection authorities.
For river quality, 99 to 101 sampling sites covering 29 to 30 rivers (including main streams and tributaries) were monitored monthly. The results monitored from 2015 to 2017 showed that the water quality in the area of Zeng-Wen river, Jhuo-Shuei river, and rivers at Ping-Dong county, Tai-Dong county were the best, the area of Er-Ren river and A-Gong-Dian river were found in relatively high extent of pollution. Since there was a major water shortage this year, specifically, a lack of rainfall from January to May, parts of some rivers were nearly dried up, so test results for most pollutants were high, and thus the percentage of serious pollution would tend to look high. Due to a lot of rainfall from June to September, the suspended solids in the rivers tend to be high thus the percentage of unpolluted rivers is low and over 50% of the results indicated the rivers were intermediately polluted. As a whole, the highest percentage of the water quality in the southern Area of Taiwan is about 45% to 50%, it belongs to intermediately polluted rivers. The next is about 30% to 35%, it belongs to unpolluted rivers, and overall water quality is nondifference between the recent years.
For ocean monitoring, 42 sampling sites covering eight coastal areas were monitored quarterly. Since the estuary areas were affected by the river during high tide, the concentrations of the inorganic salts were high. The results monitored from 2015 to 2017 showed that most monitoring data could meet quality criteria of each category, except the results of dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and pH monitored at estuary areas of Er-Ren river, Kao-Pin river, Dong-Gang river and Da-Peng Bay. Because of typhoon coming in 3rd and 4th quarters, there are some index including salinity and some metals different with the past results.
Eighteen sampling sites covering six beaches were monitored from June to August. The results monitored form 2015 to 2017 showed that most monitoring data could show excellent level. The monitoring of each beach showed that water qualities were worse might be affected by rainfall.
Forty-five to fifty-four sampling sites covering 17 to 19 water reservoirs were monitored quarterly. The results monitored from 2015 to 2017 showed that most results of Sun-Moon-Lake Reservoir and Wu-She Reservoir was showed poortrophic level between mesotrophic level, and Lan-Tan Reservoir, Ren-Yi-Tan Reservoir, Wu-Shan-Tou Reservoir, Wu-San-To Reservoir, Nan-Hua Reservoir, Mu-Dan Reservoir and Si-An Reservoir were showed mesotrophic level. The other reservoirs belong to eutrophic level over 50%, Feng- Shan Reservoir where the water quality was the worst belonged to eutrophic level.
Ammonia nitrogen, iron, and manganese were the major analytes with results that reached the regulatory monitoring criteria in 203 ground water sampling sites for the six cities and counties being monitored quarterly. The failing rates are between 18.2% to 100.0% for different cities and counties. To analyze graphically each monitoring item by Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting showed the same trend from 2015 to 2017. To analyze graphically each monitoring item by Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting showed a trend as same as last two years, there is no significant difference compared to the past. The highest percentage of Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting is about 60% to 65%, it belongs to HCO3－+CO32─- Ca2＋ type , area of I and II.
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