| 英文摘要 |
The project mainly supports the EPA's plan for the Air Pollution Control Fee, emission coefficient emissions confirm, and other relevant policies including economic incentives assessment, revision of localized emission coefficient and audit of guidance review. The main results are listed as the following.
First, plans for the next phase of the Air Pollution Control Fee was drawn to provide economic incentives to increase the willingness to reduce air pollution from stationary sources.
In order to keep improving the air quality, the EPA planned the second-phase fee collection scheme on particulate pollutions to provide further economic incentives. In the plan, whose with actual emission measurements will be charge based
According to the characteristics of pollution emissions and the sources of pollution fees on non-construction projects for the Air Pollution Control Fee from stationary sources. The final amount collected fee for the Air Pollution Control Fee of Total Suspended Particulates(TSP) is about 1.37 billion. The air pollution fees of harmful species for the two programs are 6.81 million.
As the air quality analysis showed that autumn and winter were the main season for poor air quality, in order to encourage public and private places to reduce the emission in unfavorable seasons, the EPA started to assess to raise the fee in autumn and winter. After many public hearings and meetings, the official announcement to raise the fee in autumn and winter season was made on May 31, 2017. However, if the season emission is less 10% off than the average of the past three years, the original rate can be used. Those with more emission reduction, 20% discount will be given; or 20 to 60% discount will be given to those who improve their control equipments. The EPA hope to encourage the factories to reduce the pollution emissions voluntarily by the way of economic incentives
In order to encourage the public and private places to install control equipment or to enhance the efficiency of control equipment, the EPA announced that "the Measures of Reduction for Air Pollution Prevention Equipment of Stationary Sources in Public and Private Places" in 2008. We suggested to modification the requirement of application period and reduce the condition of the supplies fee so that public and private places will be dedicated to reduce the pollution.
Environmental costs and environmental benefits between environmental policies and development plans are one-sided relationship. Therefore, when planning the effectiveness of the environmental policy of the charging system, the average annual health benefit from the air pollution fee system is 1.61 billion.
Second, the development of localized coefficients of volatile organic compounds, effective tracking of sources of pollution, reduction and improvement.
Regarding the establishment of the localization factor for the manufacturing of plastic products, most of the permits that were not required to collect and process VOCs for the injection molding equipment. Therefore, the actual emissions were not high. The estimate of the emission factor is 0.122 kg-VOCs / ton-product.
Regarding the building of localization coefficient of integrated circuit manufacturing process, we can see that all integrated circuits are pipeline confined collection system to zeolite concentration plus regenerative incineration. The emission should be calculated according to the result of pipelines. The emission coefficient could be set according to different products, includes the wafer (4.035 kg-VOCs / metric ton-product), IC (1.574 kg-VOCs / metric ton-product) and DRAM (8.985 kg- VOCs / metric ton- product).
The localization coefficient of LCD manufacturing procedures is provided by the Business Guild and considering the pipeline inspection from entire plant emission to make weighted calculation, the final emission coefficient is decided by generation. After the generations of 5.5, the estimated of emission coefficient is 0.03826 kg - VOCs / m2 – Inputs, otherwise the estimated of emission coefficient is 0.07080 kg - VOCs / m2 – Inputs.
Third, assess the County and City air pollutant emissions audit exercises to enhance their quality.
In order to ensure the quality of the local EPB’s audit, a total of 5 audit manuals on manufactures were drafted, including tape manufacturing, LCD manufacturing, automotive surface coating, integrated circuit manufacturing and plastic manufacturing to provide the reference tools for the audit of the air pollution fee.
In line with the assessment criteria during the period from 2017 to 2018, we assisted EPBs to control the collect situation of the air pollution fee and finished on-site verifications of 30 times on public and private sites to improve the review quality and gave advices.
In terms of strengthening supervision and checking, inspection and supervision of 50 air pollution cases were completed in 5 counties, to ensure the quality of the entire air pollution fee and improve the ability of the auditors.
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