| 英文摘要 |
Mobile source pollution is one of the major reasons for the deterioration of air quality in the metropolitan area and also the key point which the environmental-protection and traffic authorities focus on. Besides, emitting the black smoke from diesel vehicles is most series problem blamed by citizens. To reduce the emissions of diesel vehicles, Environmental Protection Administration(EPA) implements not only irregular inspection, but also enhances the control measures for diesel vehicles. For example, accelerate the elimination the Tier-1 and Tier-2 heavy-duty diesel vehicles(HDDVs), encourage enterprises to hire environmental-protection fleets, establish the low emission zones to prohibit or limit old diesel vehicles to use and plan the annual target of Tier-3 HDDVs to install the diesel particulate filter(DPF). It is anticipated to eliminate 31,000 Tier-1 and Tier-2 HDDVs and improve the pollution control on 46,000 Tier-1 to Tier-3 HDDVs by the end of 2022. The modified Air Pollution Control Act has been announced on August 1, 2018 to authorize the Environmental Protection Bureau to allocate low emission zones.
Regarding to the DPF, this plan collected and analyzed data of the 502 garbage trucks with DPF (Total 639 garbage trucks. New Taipei City deducted 50 garbage trucks. Taoyuan City deducted 34 garbage trucks. Chiayi City deducted 50 garbage trucks. Taichung City scraped 4 garbage trucks.) from Taipei city and other 12 cities, the result was confirmed the overall pollution improvement rate is up to 74.2% and the horsepower ratio deterioration is only 0.3%. It also can be ensured that the DPF can ideally work by carefully selecting the vehicles, good quality of filter material, implementing the regular regeneration and correctly maintenance. To promote installing the DPF on Tier-3 HDDVs, the plan has assisted EPA to enact “Regulations Governing Subsidies for Diesel Particulate Filter Installation on Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles” which announced on August 8 to implement the certification and subsidization of DPF. At present, 8 DPF agents and 1 domestic DPF manufacturer have passed the certification. Approved 55 active regeneration and passive regenerative type DPF for car owners to choose.
As the age of Tier-1 and Tier-2 diesel vehicles have exceeded 17 years, it is too old to install filters or other anti-pollution equipment and should be eliminated. The plan has assisted EPA to enact “Regulations Governing Subsides for Eliminating Old Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicles”, and announced on August 16, 2017 to subsidize each of heavy-duty Tier-1 and Tier-2 diesel vehicles by NTD$30,000~400,000; until October 31, 2018, up to 17,780 of these vehicles have been scraped, and EPB has accepted 12,219 cases of subsidy applications.
For the purpose of keeping bettering the test quality of the correlation test of the inspection line of the diesel vehicles, the plan collects the most-frequent problems of correlation and repletion tests in recent years. At the same time, implementing the education ＆ training to share experience such as most-frequent dispute cases, protecting the rights of citizens, implementing the standard inspect procedures, instrument maintenance and quality control ＆ quality management of laboratories.
Finally, the pollution control strategy on Tier-1 to Tier-3 HDDVs can reduce the emission of the original sources of PM2.5 by 5,638 tons. According to the simulation of EPA, the concentration of PM2.5 in air can be reduced by 1.7 μg/m3, which can obviously improve the air quality.
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