| 英文摘要 |
The current project is a continuing effort, which is intended to solve the policy problems faced by EPA via using scientific information. This project includes three objectives: (1) the correlation analysis procedure of sediment quality and potential pollution sources; (2) the sediment human health risk assessment; (3) the remediation of contaminated sediments.
For the correlation analysis procedure of sediment quality and potential pollution sources, we apply the Kruskal-Wallis test, principal component analysis, factor analysis, and cluster analysis to analyze environmental monitoring data of Nankan Creek, that including river water quality data, sediment quality data, and industrial effluent data. Than we applied this result of the multivariate statistical analysis to plan the correlation analysis procedures of sediment quality and potential pollution sources (draft). In order to assess the trend of increment on copper concentration in sediment, we applied the Nankan Creek water-quality model that built by the Department of Environmental Protection, Taoyuan in 2017.Finally, it is suggested to increase monitoring frequency of sediment, and increase monitoring items to be consistent in river water quality, sediment quality, and industrial effluent. After making up the data, it can be served as a reference to trace the source of pollution.
The results of investigation on the initiating the assessment process include suggestions on the establishing and enacting Allowance of Contaminant in Agricultural Products, Safety Standard of Aquaculture Products, Guidance of Investigation of Fishery Products and Notification, Guidance for Initiating Sediment Risk and Environmental Impact Assessment (with a draft in appendix), Guidance of Responding to Sediment and Biota Contamination Events. We have also drafted the Methods of Hazard Assessment and Ranking System for Contaminated Sediments and applied it to a real site, Nankan Creek, Taoyuan. A standard procedure of the risk controlling for a sediment contamination event is suggested which includes the government agencies in charge, the actions and legislation needed.
For the sediment human health risk assessment, we reviewed both international and domestic literature to establish the sediment health risk assessment method. We also collected three types of sediment health risk assessment parameters, and used Nankan Creek as a case study site to verify the risk assessment framework. In the 12 sampling sites, we calculated the risk of farmers, tourists and common people. The result shows that the category of receptor - residents have higher risk of cancer than the other two groups. Finally, we investigated the suitability of incorporating the sediment health risk assessment into the existing health risk assessment system. Because of the more complex processes of soil and groundwater risk assessment and the unstable status of sediment contaminant, we suggest that the parameters of the sediment health risk assessment can be integrated with the system, but the assessment method should not be combined with the soil and groundwater health risk assessment.
In this study, we proposed “A guide to two-stage economic benefit assessment for remediation of contaminated sediments” which was integrated guidelines of economic analysis for remediation of environmental pollution and environmental development case or public work at home and abroad. According to the cases of life cycle assessment in soil and groundwater contaminated site, we also established “A guide to sustainable management for remediation of contaminated sediments” which was based on the concept of green and sustainable remediation evaluation and available laws and regulations. Applied these two guidelines to suggest an appropriate remediation project for sediment contaminated site in Nankan Creek with consideration of criteria in environment, economics, and social community. Then, we compared the results of life cycle assessment between this study and previous cases abroad.
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