| 英文摘要 |
This project aims to grasp the negotiation progress of the relative modalities under UNFCCC and PA and the tendency of international emissions. Besides it focuses on assisting Taiwan EPA to construct and promote the systematic operational mechanism for national GHG inventory, including the operation of review committee of national GHG inventory, maintain and update the web-basis registry platform of national GHG inventory based on 2006 IPCC guideline, develop mobile APP for inventory, compile 2018 Taiwan NIR, compile national communication, establish a webpage for the 2017 inventory and compiling a summary brochure for promoting understanding of the public on national GHG inventory.
The main progresses of this project on the mid-term include:
1. To master the modalities and review progress of UNFCCC national communication and national GHG inventory.
This work item completed analyses of issues such as the transparency, Global Stocktake (GST), National Determined Contribution (NDC) accounting mechanism, Kyoto mechanism commitment period, the review results of national inventory reports and national communications of important parties in the Katowice Conference. About the Paris Agreement Transparency Framework, GST, NDC accounting mechanism and method, except the transparency structure document and the table format UNFCCC still need to be negotiated, the transparency specification, GST and NDC have completed negotiations. As a result of the review of the greenhouse gas inventory review and the review of the national communication, the plan analyzes the results of the review of the 2017 NIR and the 7th national communications in the Netherlands, Australia and the UK, including QA/QC procedures, uncertainty analysis, and recalculation and the analysis of key sources are common issues for Parties to compile NIR, while the impact of the “new and additional” finance and impacts by “policies and measures” are common issues for Parties to compile national communications.
The plan proposes three suggestions: the judgment method of the periodic regulatory goal data in the GHG Reduction and Management Act can refer to the Kyoto Protocols’, and utilizing the latest inventory data determines the base year and commitment periodic emissions. Percentage reduction target does not change with emissions data. Preparing the climate policy data and materials for GHG Act by according to the transparency framework of the Paris Agreement. Strengthening the narrative description of national report, including: QA/QC procedures, uncertainty analysis, recalculation and key source analysis, and the impact of policies and measures to improve transparency and integrity of report. Referring to the UNFCCC review experts for the consideration of the principles of completeness, transparency, accuracy, comparability, consistency, etc., to improve the way of Taiwan’s inventory review.
2. To analyze research report and data materials from important international think tanks and organizations and establish a database of international GHG emissions.
This work item of the project has begun to update the database according to the project requirements, and to analyze the emission indicators of each data source. It will focus on tracking the 2019 Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI 2019), Climate Action Update and analysis of Climate Action Tracker (CAT) and IEA fuel combustion greenhouse gas emissions, and comprehensive analysis of important national greenhouse gas related indicators. Examining Taiwan's past emissions data and CCIP 2019 indicators, Taiwan's 2020 greenhouse gas emissions are reduced by 2% compared with 2005 and 20% of renewable energy generation in 2025, in addition to actively promoting the development of the temperature management law, Strategy, gradually complete energy structure adjustment, renewable energy development and improve energy efficiency, in order to achieve the goal of reduction. The project proposes the following recommendations and hopes to help China improve its international rating and review of relevant policies. First, referring to the greenhouse gas related indicators required by international evaluation methods (such as CCPI and CAT), such as greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy and energy use, which meet the 2°C target, Taiwan goverment should propose and publish the corresponding data of Taiwan, indicating its connotation. Promoting domestic and international understanding of Taiwan's national conditions will help to clarify the data on international assessments that are not true or not updated for Taiwan. Secondly, it’s necessary for Taiwan to study and develop greenhouse gas reduction performance indicators or related performance evaluation methods in order to rationally and objectively assess Taiwan's efforts to GHG reduction. Thirdly, it is suggested that we should continue to pay attention to the source of the international data database in Taiwan data evaluation, and make recommendations in a timely manner, and make objective comparisons into other environmental performance indicators according to the type of environmental economic development in Taiwan, such as Yale University's Environmental Performance Index ( EPI) Global rating.
3. To assist Taiwan EPA to operate the review meetings of national GHG inventory committee and complete to compile and publish Taiwan 2018 NIR.
This work item of the project completed a review meeting of national GHG inventory committee and 2 work meetings for discussions, began to compile Taiwan’s 2018 greenhouse gas inventory report, brief version of the inventory report and texts, etc.; and use the hierarchical linear model to evaluate the relationship between different products, production values and greenhouse gas emissions of chemical materials manufacturing and electronic components under the industrial process sector. In December, it focused on conducting second review meeting to compile the 2018 greenhouse gas inventory report. And procedure and tables for conducting uncertainty analysis for the minister are developed. It’s suggested that the ministry should summit the results of the uncertainty analysis annually. Taiwan can strengthen the operation of its national greenhouse gas inventory review committe and the national greenhouse gas inventory reporting mechanism, and improve the description of the QA/QC procedures, uncertainty analysis, recalculation and key source analysis of the overall and various emission categories in NIR. In the aspect of the results of linear analysis of key sources and strata, it is recommended that the reduction plan of the industry process to be proposed could conclude the process improvement and equipment replacement, or the replacement of low-carbon fuel, and the production of products with low energy consumption and low GHG emissions can be expanded to drive the reduction in the industry process sector.
4. To strengthen and maintain the web-basis registry platform of national GHG inventory and develop mobile APP for inventory.
This work item of the project has completed the update of the national greenhouse gas inventory registration platform, update the greenhouse gas emission inventory APP and establish of Taiwan’s 1990--2016 draft common reporting format (CRF). The design of the data verification mechanism is proposed as a tool for subsequent verification of inventory data. At present, the national greenhouse gas inventory system login platform has some data verification functions. It is suggested that in the future, when data verification software module development is carried out, the integration of heterogeneous data, dynamic comparison function and interactive graphic analysis module can be considered. Second, it‘s recommended for Taiwan to review and supplement the content of the CRF electronic form, and the CRF electronic form shall be listed as the annual submission of the ministries and their think tanks.
5. To assist Taiwan EPA to hold the relative work meetings and compile draft national communication according to the process for compilation and review of national communication.
This work item of the project completed the relevant national communication planning, assisted the Environmental Protection Agency to handle a meeting for editing of national communication, handled three editorial work discussion meetings, and presented the Executive Yuan’s drafts of the national communication in Chinese and English edition and art edition made. This project would like to handle second meeting for editing of national communication and conduct an activity for presenting national communication in light of EPA’s need. Based on the experience of planning the content and structure of the greenhouse gas national report to compiling, it is recommended to establish a clear national greenhouse gas report editing process under the GHG reduction and management law to improve the content and quality of the greenhouse gas national report.
|