| 英文摘要 |
The world is moving toward implementing the objective of the Agreement with the entry into force of the Paris Agreement in November 2016. To achieve the goal of holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels (pursuing to the 1.5°C ambition) and to establish a decarbonizing society in the second half of this century, the world must cut greenhouse gas emissions widely. Taiwan has steadily implemented domestic measures since the adoption of the Paris Agreement and strive to reduce the GHGs emission level below 20% of the 2005 level by 2030, used as a phased commitment toward achieving the long-term goal in the Greenhouse Gases Reduction and Management Act, which is to reduce the GHGs emission level below 50% of the 2005 level by 2050.
For this vision, this project follows the UNFCCC Process and coordinates with the relevant ministries, strengthens the participation of international organizations in promoting climate action partnerships, uses advanced technologies and expertise in responding to decarbonization and sustainable innovations, and contributes to global emission reductions of greenhouse gases. Accordingly, this project continues to follow the Paris Agreement and develop strategies for corresponding issues. Results can be used as the basis and reference for Taiwan to the next round of international climate negotiations.
The 24th Meeting of Conference of the Parties (COP24) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change proposed the Katowice Climate Package (KCP). In the form of a comprehensive decision package includes the Paris Agreement Work Programme, the High-level ministerial dialogue on climate finance, the Kyoto Protocol, the IPCC special assessment report, and other UN-related matters. The implementation details will be handled in coordination with each other, and the resolutions will be produced jointly by the UNFCCC. According to the content and meaning of the intentions and efforts listed in Articles 4, 7, 9, 10 and 11 of the Paris Agreement, the NDC Transparency Framework is confirmed, and NDC is the communication text of the Paris Agreement Work Programme. The Post-2020 carbon reduction plan is consistent with Article 4, item 19 of the Paris Agreement, which is the 2020, mid-century, and long-term carbon reduction strategies to achieve short-, medium- and long-term goals, and the NDC is updated every five years as an implementation measure. The High-level Ministerial Dialogue emphasized the expansion of the scope of mobilizing climate finance, including through more private sector involvement, increased adaptation funding, and alignment of financial flows with the Paris Agreement and the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
The COP24 in Poland continues the same transition path as the COP23 in Fiji last year. Following “the Ocean Pathway”, the upcoming climate action theme of “Forests for Climate” emphasizes the combination of natural system carbon sinks with climate impact toughness. The IPCC 1.5°C Special Assessment Report confirms that negative emission technologies are indispensable for controlling temperature rises below 1.5°C. The IEA also echoes the importance of this technology in the 2018 report. In accordance with Article 4, item 15 of the Paris Agreement, confirm the model, work plan, and functions of the Response Measure Forum and establish the “Katowice Committee of Expert on the Impacts of the Implementation of Response Measures，KCI” to support Related work.
We suggest Taiwan can follow the common but differentiated responsibilities under the UNFCCC, the carbon reduction in light of Taiwan's reasonable Effort-Sharing target, and work with the Adaptation Communication features, according to the Katowice Climate Package resolution to the progress of Taiwan's governance; We also suggest to study the transparency framework, communication texts and platforms of the Paris Agreement Work Wrok Program, and plan the UNFCCC Process and Transparency and Reporting; plan to participate in the Convention, the Ocean Pathway and the Forests for Climate, the analysis of the UNFCCC Post-2020 Carbon Reduction Staging Plan and Long Term Strategies, based on the Katowice Climate Package governance perspective for amending Taiwan’s Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Management Act.
In addition, Taiwan's financial innovation and carbon neutral (Carbon Neutrality) technology diffusion strategy should match the integration structure of the Paris Agreement on climate finance and technology mechanisms, using the International Transfers of Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) as the core technology diffusion strategy, assisting governments and enterprises to promote climate action, and establishing the most sustainable investment. Furthermore, We can establish Best Practices and use the international climate change legal system and technological innovation initiatives to achieve resilient innovations for the low carbon society.
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