| 英文摘要 |
The goals of this project are to strengthen and put the management of stationary sources into practice through pragmatic review of related management systems and rules, as well as be in concert with Clean Air Action Plan. Thus, this project divided into 4 major parts including 1) reviewed amended permit management system to be in concert with the recent amendment of Air Pollution Control Act, 2) promoted strategy and practice that based on Clean Air Action Plan, 3) supervised local organization to effectively implement permit management of stationary sources and improve review quality of review authorities, 4) added and expand information system management of stationary source and enhance controlled data quality. So far December, about 100% of this project was completed. The summaries of each part were as follows.
To be in concert with Clean Air Action Plan, this project continued to promote operations of boiler administrative control and economic incentives form last year (2017). This project analyzed the fuel use and numbers of boilers based on the data of air pollution fee at 2016. The boiler used fuel types was oil in 53%, gas in 41%, coal only in 3%,liquid , gas waste and solid waste boilers were 390, liquid and gas waste boilers were 128. To promote public or private places to change used fuel type as well as enhance pollution emission control, this project helped EPA make Regulation Governing Subsidies for Modification or Replacement of Oil-Fired Boiler in Hotel Industries, Medical Care Institutions, Social Welfare Institutions and Schools 2017/4/13 as well as make Emission Standards of Air Pollutant from Boiler at 2018/9/19. The Regulation Governing Subsidies for Modification or Replacement of Oil-Fired Boiler in Hotel Industries, Medical Care Institutions, Social Welfare Institutions and Schools promoted 163 old oil boilers to be modified or replaced to cleaner heating equipment. To expand subsidized objects for improving the effectiveness of economic incentives, this project helped EPA amend Regulation Governing Subsidies for Modification or Replacement of Oil-Fired Boiler in Hotel Industries, Medical Care Institutions, Social Welfare Institutions and Schools to Regulation Governing Subsidies for Modification or Replacement of Boiler at 2018/5/4. The amendment expanded subsidized objects to the all non-industrial boilers. 173 public or private places (total 294 boilers) become subsidized objects. The emission reduction by the boiler governing subsidies regulation was estimated 75 tons/year in sulfur dioxide, 29 tons/year in nitrogen oxides and 18 tons/year in particulate matter. This project estimated that if the new subsidized boiler is completely replaced by a gas boiler, it can reduce about 18 tons/year in particulate matter, 75 tons/year in sulfur dioxide and 29 tons/year in nitrogen oxides. In addition, in the term of pollution control and emission control, the project analyzes the current status and problems of every fuel boilers in Taiwan, and based on the results of air pollutants test of boiler over the years to make cumulative distribution function. At same time, this project also compared foreign emissions standards from the United States, Japan, and China. After discussing with local authorities and public or private places, EPA released Emission Standards of Air Pollutant from Boiler at 2018/9/19. The Emission Standards enhance emission control by limiting sulfur dioxide less than 50 ppm, nitrogen oxides less than 100 ppm and particulate matter fewer than 30 mg/Nm3. This project expected when natural gas is enough, all oil-fired boilers would be transformed to gas-fired boiler. So that, the emission reduction by the boiler emission standards was estimated 7,048 tons/year in sulfur dioxide, 2,620 tons/year in nitrogen oxides and 1,807 tons/year in particulate matter. In terms of permit management system, to be in concert with the amendment of Air Pollution Control Act, this project assisted in the production of related posts and explanations, reviewed the permit management system, amended the rule of permit management, make consistent permit review guideline, amended the rule of permit extension, wrote stationary sources construction and operation permit review guide as well as developed the guideline of reduction of stationary sources in class 3 control regions. This project amended permit management regulation according to the amendments to the Air Pollution Control Act, such as the technician certification of operation permit, open data about permit application documents and approved content. This project also review the past issues from local authorities and explanations of common problems as references for amending relevant regulations as well as make common questions into case descriptions included in review guidelines and process descriptions.
In the terms of making law about fuel content limit standards and co-firing ratio as well as fuel permit management regulation; this project analyzes the fuel use of stationary source in 2016 and also review situation of fuel use in Taiwan. This project discovered that the problem of coal use was inconsistent quality of coal and the problems of waste fuel use were uncertainty of content and co-firing. Thus, this project researched the fuel management system in United States, European Union, Hong Kong and Japan as well as made content limit standards of fuel used in stationary source and co-firing ratio to be concert with the amendment of article 28 of Air Pollution Control Act. This project also planned to integrate fuel permit and stationary source permit. About substances that easy to product air pollutants, this project discovered that substances that easy to product air pollutants almost were prohibited by international conventions as well as the managements of hazardous air pollutants in foreign countries are similar to the management of substances that easy to product air pollutants. Therefore, the project analyzed 13 hazardous air pollutants that be taxed for air pollution fee. It is found that there are 575 factories (total 731 processes) using 13 hazardous air pollutants. If substances that easy to product air pollutants were managed by permit system, the increment of permit work would be largest in Taoyuan City (18.2 permits/reviewer) and second largest in Tainan City (17.8 permits/reviewer).
To be in concert with Clean Air Action Plan, this project implements three air pollution control activities including air pollution control in the catering industry, open burning of agricultural waste and folk activities. In terms of air pollution control in the catering industry, because air pollution control of catering industry should be tie in with the inter-departmental work, this project referred the catering industry management by Food and Drug Administration and Construction and Planning Agency to make regulation of air pollution control of catering industry. The regulation regulated 100,000 capital or business area of 100 m2 as a threshold, and was expected to manage 41,389 restaurants. In terms of open burning of agricultural waste, the reduction action plan of open burning was planned to reduce open burning through cross-departmental data integration, source management and advocacy with agricultural administration. Agricultural administration publicized and subsidize as well as environmental protection administration strengthened inspection control. Two administrations jointly promoted farmers to reduce the open burning of straw, reduced the pollution of open burning during the harvest period and improved the effectiveness of the inspection control of Air Pollution Control Act. In terms of folk activities, this project promotes centralized burning of joss paper. The number of joss paper centralized burning were about 16,796 tons that were over 100% of aim for this year.
In order to promote the implementation of various stationary source control regulations, the project evaluates the local authorities through performance evaluation, thereby strengthening the management system and the implementation of regulatory system. This project executed 150 times performance evaluation to local authorities and authorized offices. The performance evaluation targeted boiler which used high pollutant-exhausted fuel, stationary sources which were regulated by air quality deterioration emergency response operation regulation and stationary sources which were not checked for a long time. This project found that the main problem was the unimplemented of record work, the actual usage over permit usage and the wrong count of air pollutants emissions.
The sustainability of stationary pollution sources system depended on the renewal and running of big database from permit management, emission amount report, periodic testing and stationary pollution sources inventory. The database could offer complete information for researching and planning in every control strategies. To enforce stationary pollution source information management, this project adjusted the authority management of stationary pollution sources systems, provided regular detection data to environmental analysis laboratory for interfacing, the development of the technician online confirmation function, check of database and the security scan. From the aspect of information quality improvement work, the permit information system has a total of 21,118 factories, and more than 7,000 permits; In order to maintain the system and data quality, the data inspection operation this year has already been executed for twelve times with 84.6% average compliance rate until the end of 2018.
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