| 英文摘要 |
Since 2009, Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan (EPAT) has been conducting “Establishment of Port Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory and Drafting of Management Strategies” program. This program created for improving air quality of port areas in Taiwan, while fulfilling the Taiwan-U.S. collaboration commitment. The program started with the creation of ground-level information for the port air pollutant inventory, followed by the planning of air cleaning action initiative for port areas. To date, the program has completed the establishment of eight emission inventories based on 2009 to 2013 and 2016. This program is a follow-up on implementing “The emission management of ships and the other non-road transportation”. Focusing on two major non-road transportation mobile sources of Taiwan－Vessel and Airport. Major aspects of the program are included enhancing the breadth, depth, and application of the port inventory, by revising current estimating module of emission and building up the estimating module of aviation and other emission sectors of airport with reference to the latest international practice. This project applied for the air pollution fee of ships, which analyzed based on their impacts on the air quality. For the control practice, air pollution autonomous management of port institutions is the point. With the information collection from current international control technique and practice of port and ship air pollution, as well as update of latest international convention, the feasible regulations and actions are proposed. Accomplishments of this project summarized below:
1. The emission factors and related coefficients of all sectors in port and airport area are updated. The attribute and activity database for aviation and other emission sectors of airport, as well as the standard auditing procedures of data quality, are established. The emission inventory of air pollutant emission for eight commercial ports, two industrial ports, and four special harbors of state-owned enterprise in 2017 is established.
2. Compiled the project by：Collecting the air quality information of all sectors in port areas, Analyzing the correlation between the important activities and air quality information of port area, Analyzing the emission factor, And forecasting the air pollution emissions of port and airport from 2018 to 2031.
3. Using the idea of abatement cost and the contribution of regional reduction to realize the policy of shore power system in stages. Stage 1: Enhancing the high-voltage shore power's utilization rate in the port of Kaohsiung and building a low-voltage shore power in the port of Keelung. Stage 2: Building a high-voltage shore power system at the cruise’s terminal of Keelung Port. We anticipate that the air quality of Keelung Port and Kaohsiung Port will improve.
4. Adding the 「fuel sulfur content of ships」rules in the amendment regulation of 「Standards for the Composition of Automobile Gasoline and Diesel Fuels」. These rules are used to control the domestic vessels and fishing vessels, which are outside 「The Commercial Port Law 」, to implement the policy of comprehensive using low-sulfur fuel by domestic vessels.
5. Some of the control measures of port, such as the promotion of shore power system and using the low-sulfur fuel measures, have yet to incorporate into the regulation. This project were incorporated the control measures into the legal system by setting the port area as an air pollution control district.
6. Follow up on the situation of 「Air pollution prevention Action plan」. Check up on the goal and schedule that according to the commercial harbor and industrial harbors by contact meetings to make sure the rate of achievement.
7. Assessment the benefit of reduction strategies in the「Air pollution prevention Action plan」, including vessel speed reduction, using low-sulfur fuel in the port and contacting the shore power system at berth. Additionally, hosted a consultation meeting which was called 「Advance the estimating method of air pollutant emissions and control measures for mobile source of port.」
8. Develop and promote the air pollution fee of vessels. Planed the work schedules for air pollution fee of vessel by Administrative goals. The first stage is collected the fee based on the amount of fuel used. In addition, the next stage is collected the fee based on the vessels which is entered and leaved. The categories of collection divide into domestic routes and international routes.
9. According to the analysis, the air pollution fee of vessels exist more than three orders of variance in different bases. Setting the air pollution fee of vessels will be the key point in the policy. It must be assessment between reducing of the costs and incentives by under unaffected maritime industries.
10. Executing the work, this was about the fuel extracting from harbor craft, with the local environmental protection bureau in seven international commercial harbors. Making the publicity materials which about the improvement the air quality of port. Enhancing the public's knowledge of air pollution in ports.
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