| 英文摘要 |
Carbon and pollutant emissions from diesel engine, including NOX, CO, PM2.5 and PM10, are urgent concern to the government and the public because of these contaminants can harm human health as well as the environment. United States, Europe, and Japan have successively set air pollution emission standards for non-road vehicles. Therefore, we are entrusted the implementation of this project in order to realize the pollutant discharge characteristics of non-road vehicles, to establish emission factors, to conduct the health risk assessments, and to assist EPA to complete relevant regulations.
This project employs the isokinetic sampling method to measure the emission coefficient of various pollutants (NOx, CO, THC, PM) of tractor, excavator and loader during the operation. Among the particulate pollutants, PM10 accounts for about 60-70% of TPM, while PM2.5 accounts for 80-90% of PM10. These data show that PM2.5 is dominated to the current non-road vehicle.
The project completed the sampling and analysis of three construction machines collected from 6 samples (including idle speed and operation). The main heavy metal species are: Zn (1.10-15.55 mg/m3), Cd (0.0005-0.002 mg/ m3), Cr (0.0005-0.014 mg/ m3) and Fe (0.3895-5.9860 mg/ m3). Results show that the concentration of heavy metals in the exhaust of the non-road vehicles is higher during operation than that at idle.
Results of the carcinogenic risk assessment showed that under the diffusion conditions E and F, the risk value was less than 106 for the three non-road vehicles running at the same time, which did not cause cancer risk to the surrounding residents.
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