| 英文摘要 |
“Environmental agents” means the following types of chemical agents or microbial preparations used for environmental sanitation, and which are distinguished as technical grade environmental agents, general use environmental agents, and restricted use environmental agents. The application safety and environmental residues of environmental agents has become an important public healthissue because of the vicinityto the public places such as community, parks, schools and indoor places.
We collected sample of air, water, sediment, soil,and vegetation duringtheenvironmental agent application for dengueprevention in five areas, includingNeihu, Beitou, Tainan, Xinzhuang and Kaohsiung. The sampling time included before-, during-,3 hoursafter-, 1 dayafter-and 1 week-afterthe spray. The exposed workers provided urine samples one day after the sprayshift. This study developed pretreatment methods for the sample media and detected 24 environmental agents, including 13 pyrethroids, 5 organophosphates, 1 carbamate (propoxur), 1 neonicotinoid (imidacloprid) andothers, by using ultra-performance liquid-and gas chromatography-coupling with tandem mass spectrometry, respectively (UPLC-MS/MS ＆ GC-MS/MS).
This study indicated that 17 environmental agents were detected among the environmental media. The temporal and spatial concentrations varied because of the different spraying parameters and weather conditions. The margin of safety (MOS) and hazard indexbased on the estimation of air and soil exposure for both workers and
general population were higher than 100and less than 1.Thefindings showed the common presence ofmultiple environmental agents in the parks. Except the spraying application, nearby farmland, orchard and community activities might also lead to the unexpected residues in the environment.Nevertheless, the estimated risk of exposure is not significant. In terms of environmental agentsmanagement, analyzing frocontinuing monitoring the residue of environmental agents in different settings, such as primary school, community, and public places ae warranted. This study has establishedthe draft of standard operating procedureofenvironmental sampling, pretreatmentand analysisfor environmental agents residuesin the air, water, soil, vegetation and sediment. It could serve as referencemethodsfor the Toxic and Chemical Substances Bureau, Environmental Protection Administration.
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