環境有毒空氣污染物排放調查、監測與管制策略研擬計畫
| 中文摘要 | 本計畫主要工作內容包括:執行戴奧辛及重金屬排放特性調查與環境監測、戴奧辛及重金屬排放清冊更新及建置、協助辦理戴奧辛及重金屬法規制度檢討及污染事件緊急應變等相關事宜等三大部分。 排放特性調查與環境監測部分，本年度各執行3根次戴奧辛及重金屬排放檢測，其目的為累積本土化排放濃度與係數資料以供法規政策參考及提昇排放量推估的可信度；戴奧辛檢測結果部分，中鋼公司#2燒結爐製程完成選擇性觸媒(SCR)的安裝，檢測發現濃度遠低於過去之檢測值，效果顯著；正隆大園廠焚化爐為國內為安裝觸媒濾袋的廢棄物焚化爐，該廠自使用觸媒濾袋後，戴奧辛檢測濃度均低，且活性碳使用量大幅下降，本次檢測戴奧辛濃度亦低於排放標準，顯示該設備操作狀況佳，對戴奧辛的排放控制穩定；臺南市火化場戴奧辛濃度超過管制標準，主要原因為採二座火化爐共用1套空氣污染防制設備方式和戴奧辛分解觸媒的操作條件不佳；樹林焚化廠的重金屬檢測結果符合管制標準值，排放重金屬主要以地殼元素為主，今年的鉛(Pb)濃度高於往年的檢測值可能為進料組成之差異；台電公司新設林口電廠1、2號機組的重金屬檢測結果均符合我國電力業管制標準及美國MATs既存管制標準。 在PM₂.₅檢測的部分，本年度針對電力產業執行排放檢測，了解PM₂.₅排放占比較高產業的排放現況做為未來法規加嚴的參考基準，林口電廠2號機FPM₂.₅、CPM水溶性陰陽離子主要成份為Na⁺、Cl⁻及SO₄²⁻，反映了SWFGD的操作特性及廢氣性質。 環境空氣監測的部分，戴奧辛本年度持續以國內一般空品站為監測對象(一縣市一個測站)，分別於3、5、8及10月共執行4季監測，每次採樣72小時，平均值為0.022 pg I-TEQ/m3，本年度一般空氣品質監測濃度平均值均低於過去歷年同期監測結果，呈現改善趨勢。 重金屬空品監測部分，分別於5及10月在17個一般空品測站及3個排放源集中區測點進行監測，總計40站次。由監測結果看出，除了一個排放集中區5月的監測結果外，其餘一般空品站之砷(As)、鎘(Cd)、錳(Mn)、鎳(Ni)、鉛(Pb)、釩(V)及汞(Hg)濃度均未偏高，單一測值均未超過美國、歐盟、世界衛生組織及日本之標準/目標/指針值規定。砷(As)、鎘(Cd)、錳(Mn)、鎳(Ni)、鉛(Pb)、釩(V)及汞(Hg)之重金屬監測結果大致上低於或接近歷年監測結果。彙整過去至今之一般空品站重金屬在粒狀物分布剖面發現，各站地殼及揚塵相關的金屬元素比例明顯較高，且與交通有關的排放源特徵元素有明顯的變動，顯示交通與揚塵為主要的重金屬來源。 VOCs連續監測部分，本年度選擇高雄市兩大石化工業區，林園工業區與仁大工業區為監測VOCs之地點，設置臨時連續監測站，監測結果發現林園工業區之丁二烯與VCM濃度值較高，仁大工業區濃度偏高之項目則為丁二烯，搭配移動監測車逐段量測方式推測出:林園工業區以台塑林園廠與中油林園廠可能為丁二烯洩漏源；仁大工業區則以國喬石化丁二烯及苯很可能存在逸散源；台灣聚丙烯可能有儲槽洩漏的現象。同時本計畫為了改善過往的監測分析常因即時性不夠造成的追溯困難，建立高值即時示警通報系統，若是測得污染物濃度超過閥值即可自動寄發電子郵件示警，可做為輔助改善系統。 更新及建置排放清冊及排放資料庫部分，本計畫推估106年臺灣地區戴奧辛排放量為51.67gI-TEQ/年，變動不大；重金屬鉛排放量約為32.67公噸/年、鎘排放量約為0.905公噸/年、汞排放量約為1.604公噸/年及砷排放量約為3.703公噸/年，主要都以固定污染源排放為主，其中又以燃煤鍋爐、水泥窯、煉鋼業、水泥窯、焚化爐、露天燃燒為主要排放源，僅有重金屬鉛係以移動污染源為主。 在協助辦理排放管制部分，本計畫針對廢棄物燃料鍋爐和火化場近年多件稽查超標提供排放減量之策略，並協助修訂中小型廢棄物焚化爐戴奧辛管制及排放標準、固定污染源戴奧辛排放標準二項修訂草案和水泥窯管制法規的修正，目前兩項法令修訂草案，現階段已充份完成討論研商，未來將協助檢視業者達成草案標準可行性，並提供技術輔導協助；水泥窯，針對空氣污染物的排放管制標準與國外現行標準相較過於寬鬆，本計畫針對現階段各水泥要業者的排放現況進行分析，並研擬出可行修訂管制標準草案，加嚴各既有的管制項目另增添汞(Hg)和氟(F)的排放管制，後續將持續與業界進行管制標準溝通、研商工作。 | ||
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| 中文關鍵字 | 戴奧辛、重金屬、環境監測 | ||
基本資訊
| 專案計畫編號 | EPA-107-FA12-03-A122 | 經費年度 | 107 | 計畫經費 | 16574 千元 |
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| 專案開始日期 | 2018/04/17 | 專案結束日期 | 2018/12/31 | 專案主持人 | 羅鈞 |
| 主辦單位 | 空保處 | 承辦人 | 謝知行 | 執行單位 | 環興科技股份有限公司 |
成果下載
| 類型 | 檔名 | 檔案大小 | 說明 |
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| 期末報告 | 1258C期末報告定稿N.pdf | 14MB | 期末報告書 |
The Control Strategy for Emission Investigation and Monitoring of Toxic Air Pollutants.
| 英文摘要 | The scope of this project includes: 1) Monitoring for the stationary emission and the ambient environment; 2) Establishing and updating of the dioxin and heavy metal emission inventory; 3)Assisting the control, reduction and emergency incident response of dioxins and heavy metal emission. 1) Monitoring for the stationary emission and the ambient environment The ambient dioxin monitoring is conducted by the general monitoring stations. 22 monitoring stations were selected (1 for each province in Taiwan) in this research. 4 times of monitoring were conducted by each station separately in March, May, August and October in 2018. The monitored ambient air average dioxin concentration in 2018 is 0.022 pg I-TEQ/m3. Each year’s result is lower than that in the previous year. The ambient heavy metal monitoring results showed that the average concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, manganese, nickel, lead, vanadium and mercury are all under the ambient air quality standards published by EU and WHO. The monitoring results showed that metal elements related to crust and dust have a significantly higher concentration compared with other metal elements. Also, the metal elements related to traffic had a wide range of concentration in the selected 22 monitoring sites. These trends indicated that traffic and dust are the major heavy metal sources. In order to better understand the chemical composition of stationary source emission, a series of emission monitoring were conducted: dioxin emission monitoring for Cheng Loong incinerator and Tianan crematorium; heavy metal emission monitoring for Linkou coal fired power plants and Shulin incinerator; PM₂.₅ emission monitoring for Linkou coal fired power plants and China Steel Corp. Most of the emission level from monitored emission sources is lower than the Environmental Protection Administration(Taiwan) regulations. These results can be ultilized for estimating dioxin and heavy metals emission inventory. Regarding to the control of VOCs, two major petrochemical industrial park, Linyuan and Renda, were selected in this research. Temporary fixed continuous VOCs monitoring station was set up at Linyuan Service Center and Renda Service Center. The results showed that 1,3-Butadiene concentration and vinyl chloride monomer(VCM) concentration in Linyuan Service Center and Renda Service Center respectively are higher than ambient air quality standrad. In order to identify the emission source, monitoring car was used in this research. The high-concentration alarm system is proposed in this reseach, providing timely monitoring data which is very useful for future emission sources identification. 2) Establishing and updating of the emission inventory The total dioxin emission in Taiwan is estimated to be 51.67 g I-TEQ/year in 2017. As for the heavy metal emissions in 2017, the total lead emission is 32.67 metric tons/year, cadmium emission is 0.905 metric tons/year, mercury emission is 1.604 metric tons/year, and arsenic emission is 3.703 metric tons/year. The major emission sources include coal-burning furnances, cement kilns, steel-making factories, incinerators and open furnings. 3) Control and reduction strategies for dioxins and heavy metal emission To reduce the controversy regarding the correction of concentration to reference oxygen content, changes for the dioxin emission standards was proposed. This year draft revision of the emission standards adjustment for cement manufacturing were also presented, not only lowering the particulate matter, NOx and mercury emission limit but adding new elements to the emission standards. | ||
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| 英文關鍵字 | Dioxin, Heavy Metal, Environmental Monitoring | ||