| 英文摘要 |
The project aimed to (1) examine the management direction of indoor air quality in Taiwan, (2) plan the self-management framework for indoor air quality (IAQ), and (3) investigate the sources, risks, and recommendation values of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), PM2.5, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and Dibutyl phthalate, (DBP). The results are summarized as below:
I. Examine the management direction of indoor air quality
We reviewed the IAQ management plans (laws) from Korea, Japan, America, and other countries in Europe and related-law in IAQ from different departments in Executive Yua in Taiwan, and suggested that a Cross-Ministry Meeting and review the Taiwan’s IAQ management Acts every two to three years were important means to solve the problem in IAQ management. Moreover, we also collected the research articles and reports about the adaptive strategies for IAQ under climate change, and found that providing enough ventilation rate and modify the refraction coefficient for house glass or roof reducing the impact on IAQ under climate change. In this project, we also planned the on-line train program for the dedicated personnel for indoor air quality maintenance and management and updated the training materials. These train programs and teaching materials can be used to train dedicated personnel for indoor air quality maintenance and management in the near future.
II. Established the self-management framework
In this project, we found that the particulate matters, biological pollutants, and carbon dioxide were major pollutants in hospitals; in public transportation stations, particulate matter and carbon monoxide were key specifics; the levels of VOC/SVOC (Semi-volatile organic compounds), and carbon dioxide were higher in exhibition halls (included library and museum). The guidelines of IAQ for hospitals, public transportation stations, and exhibition hall (included library and museum) were also written in this study. During this year, we have written the self-management framework and logo for IAQ and suggested that it’s important to plan the review program and qualify for reviewer in the near future.
III. Evaluated the sources, risks, and recommended values of VOCs, PM2.5 and environmental hormones.
We combined the recommended values of DEHP and DBP in the world, measurements of PAEs from our previous projects, and the results of risk assessment for PAEs, and suggested that the recommendation value of DEHP and DBP were 4 μg/m3 and 17 μg/m3 in indoor air, respectively. Moreover, our previous studies found the health risks of ethylbenzene, xylene, and dichloromethane in indoor air were higher, thus, we also assessed the recommended values for these compounds. According to the recommendation values of ethylbenzene, xylene, and dichloromethane in the world, measurements from our previous projects in Taiwan, and the results of health risk assessment, we suggested that the recommended values of ethylbenzene, xylene, and dichloromethane were 5 to 200 μg/m3, 100 to 200 μg/m3, and 10 to 200 μg/m3, respectively.
During this year, we measured the levels of VOCs and found that building material and decorate were major pollution sources of VOCs in indoors. In the part of PM2.5, our data showed that the ratios of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were lower, which means outdoor air was an important source. Based on the results of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) modeling, we found that traffic emission, road dust, and other human activities were major contributors to indoor PM2.5. In the future, we suggest that it’s important to build the profiles of different indoor air pollution sources (such as copy machine) for increasing the benefits on pollution sources identification.
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