| 英文摘要 |
The implementation of this project is to master the long-term trend of air quality in Taipei City, through the evaluation of work effectiveness and technical support, to develop appropriate air pollution control measures; to integrate and handle various air quality control strategies. Enhance and enhance the public's understanding of improving the city's air quality concept; assist in the implementation of the operation of the "Taipei Air Pollution Control Fund" and the air pollution prevention business. To assist in the revision of the "Taipei Air Pollution Control Plan" and the "Taipei Clean Air Action Plan 2.0" pollution reduction action. The implementation period of this plan is from January 23, 2019 to December 31, 2019.
According to the provisions of the contract, the results of the work progress will be summarized and submitted to the final report. The summary of the implementation results of the important work items is as follows:
1. Air Quality Index and Air Quality Trend
(1) Air Quality Index (AQI): The trend of the city's AQI shows that the number of days with poor air quality in the city from January to November 2019 was 67 days (non-performing rate 4.0%). Among them, PM2.5 was bad for 20 days (1.2%), and ozone 8-hour was bad for 47 days (2.8%); statistics from 2014 to 2019 were improved from 10.9% to 4.0%; good proportion also from 33.9% to 60.9%, it shows that the air quality in Taipei is improving year by year.
(2) The average annual concentration of particulate matters (PM10) in recent years in the city has been decreasing year by year from the highest value of 47.9 μg/m3 in 2010, and the average value in 2018 has dropped to 32.5 μg/m3. The average annual concentration of particulate matters in the city shows a continuous improvement trend. The average concentration from January to November 2019 was 29.2 μg/m3.
(3) Manual measurement of fine particulate (PM2.5) concentration: The long-termgoal of fine aerosols in this city is to achieve air quality standards (15 μg/m3) by 2020 and recommended by the World Health Organization (20 μg/m3) in 2030. According to the manual measurements of Shilin and Wanhua in this city, the average annual value in 2015 is 18.6 μg/m3, and it is down to 14.4 μg/m3 in 2018. The average concentration in January-November 2019 has dropped to 13.0 μg/m3. The annual average concentration of fine particulate reached the first air quality standard in 2018, and continued to decrease in 2019. The three-year continuous average is also lower than the air quality standard.
(4) In the 1990s and 2000s, the air pollution was dominated by particulate matters. In the 2000s and 2010s, ozone pollution was the mainstay. At present, the second-level air pollution control zones that have reached the particulate matters and ozone meet the air quality standards. The city's fine particulate have been announced by the EPA as “third-level control zones”. In 2017, the average annual concentration of fine aerosols was 15.3 μg/m3, which has not yet met the air quality standards. Therefore, the city promoted the “Taipei Clean Air Action Plan”. It is expected to achieve the PM2.5 air quality standard of 15 μg/m3 by 2020, and has achieved the goal of meeting air quality standards for the first time by 2018.
(5) In the past five years, the city's air quality has improved by 24-36%: Analysis of the air quality data of Taipei City in the past five years shows that at the end of November 2019, the air quality has improved year by year compared with 2014, in which the concentration of particulate matters from 45.3 μg/m3 to 29.2 μg/m3, the improvement rate is 36%; manual PM2.5 is reduced from 19.6 μg/m3 to 13.0 μg/m3, the improvement rate is 34%; sulfur dioxide is reduced from 3.0 ppb to 2.0 ppb, the improvement rate is 33 %; nitrogen dioxide decreased from 21.8 ppb to 16.5 ppb with an improvement rate of 24%.
2. Assisting the DEP in promoting the Taipei Clean Air Action Plan
The DEP TAIPEI implements the Taipei Clean Air Action Plan, promotes 10 reduction action plans, covering mobile sources, stationary sources and fugitive sources, announces the city's low-pollution emission demonstration zones, strengthens inspections of highly polluting vehicles, and promotes elimination. Old diesel vehicles and third-stage diesel vehicles are equipped with Diesel PM filters; the boiler sulfur oxide emission standards are tightened, the aviation fuel sulfur content of Songshan Airport is reduced, and new small street sweepers are newly purchased to improve urban dust. In 2018-2019, we continued to review the various reduction measures to promote the Clean Air Initiative 2.0.
Helping to consolidate the main driving results of the "Clean Air Action" promoted by the Environmental Protection Bureau:
(1) Strongly inspect high-pollution vehicles at 6 stations on the 1st line and 2 stations, and reduce the number of old diesel vehicles by 30% in November 2019. (2) The 2-stroke scooter eliminated 92,000 vehicles; the city's inspection rate reached 77.4%. (3) The total number of 2-stroke scooters decreased by 69%, the PM2.5 reduction was 25%, and the hydrocarbon reduction was 22%. (4) The sulfur oxide emission standard of the boiler is increased from 300ppm to 50ppm, and all heavy oil boilers have been eliminated. (5) Negotiate Songshan Airport's aviation fuel sulfur content by 40%, SO2 reduction of 8 metric tons per year. (6)Announced the technical guidelines for the fume and odor control equipment for the catering industry. By November 2019, the average efficiency of fume control was 80%. (7) In November 2019, 322 sets of filter filters were installed to install official vehicles, and the average smoke improvement rate was 99%. (8) Introducing 16 machines with the function of suppressing suspended particles and 6 electric small street sweepers to enhance street cleaning. (9) Optimize the sweeping route and expand the sweeping energy by 70,100 km (up 31.6%).
3. Environmental load changes - reduction of emissions from large power plants
The emissions from large power plants in the surrounding area also have an impact on the city's air quality, collecting data on emissions from the air pollution charges of Keelung Concord Power Plant from 2014 to 2018. In 2014-2017, based on electric power dispatching, pollutants are discharged. In 2018, in order to improve air quality, the power plant uses 3% of low-sulfur fuel oil, which significantly reduces sulfur oxide emissions. The city is located in the downwind of large power plants, so emissions reduction has positive benefits for the city's air quality.
4. Research and revision of the Taipei City Air Pollution Prevention and Control Plan
To comply with the amendments to the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Act promulgated on August 1, 2018, the Environmental Protection Agency plans to draft a draft amendment to the Air Pollution Prevention Law, including the air quality control of the central competent authority. The pollution prevention and control program, the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Program" of the Environmental Protection Agency was announced in October 2019 and was studied with the county and city.
In 2019, the statistical update and target adjustments were made to the "Taipei Air Pollution Prevention and Control Project", and the control schemes for short- and medium-range control were proposed for the control of mobile sources such as fixed pollution sources, locomotives/automobiles/diesels.
For air pollution control plan during 2015-2020, conduct a long-term vision for the strategy elaboration and improvement objectives, to conduct air quality analysis, to explore the causes of pollution, be aggregated mode simulation and planning, for future reductions proposed project ideas for each project carried out and explore the depth of the provision related to the planned reduction program.
Coordinate with the EPA's 2017.06.09 announcement "Emergency Control Measures for Severe Air Quality Deterioration", and amend the various levels of concentration and strain control of the air quality deterioration of the eighth chapter of the city's air pollution control plan.
The countermeasures for the future will continue and strengthen the various control measures including: 1. Motor vehicles (expanding the implementation of the city's low-pollution emission demonstration zone, phasing out old diesel vehicles, eliminating two-stroke locomotives and continuing aviation fuel pollution reduction). 2. Pollution-control restaurant emissions of soot pollution. 3. Urban dust management: improve cleaning efficiency. 4. Construction control combined with the city's green beautification to suppress dust.
5. Implementation of Annual Projects Evaluation
In addition to regular follow-up analysis of the planned changes in air quality, meets monthly review will summarize the effectiveness of the work outside, work with the EPA performance evaluation was performed twice to check air pollution control plan related records; completed held air quality parks meeting (1 sessions) and the completion of 32 parks check, followed by on-site checks and focused review, to help promote the work of pollution control.
6. Advocacy and promotion
In order to enable city councilors, the media and environmentally conscious citizens to understand the blueprint and implementation content of the city's future “White Paper on Clean Air in Taipei”, the project assists the DEP in producing the Chinese and English brochures for the Clean Air Action 2.0.
In the air quality purification area creative activity "Nei-Shuangxi Nature Center Plant Exploration Experience Camp" (April 28, 2019), through the participatory experience, design plant-related artistic creation activities to engage children. Through these activities, children can have a better understanding of plants and understand the location of the city's air quality purification area.
A family star-watching event was held to promote the fresh air of Taipei City at the Butterfly Square of Flora EXPO Taipei on July 27, 2019; The "Air Pollution Prevention and Control County and City Exchange Symposium" was held on November 27, 2019, and communicated with each other in the prefectures and cities.
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