| 英文摘要 |
Because of the centralized living community or the traffic inconvenience of remote area in Taiwan, the motorcycles with mobility, convenience and easy parking have become transportation in Taiwan. With the quick development of industry and commerce, the motorcycle registrations are rapidly grown, especially with two characteristics above-mentioned in Chiayi City, subject to small area and dense population in Taiwan, the quantity of motorcycle takes the second place for all cities and counties in Taiwan.
The emission of motorcycles contain pollutants, difficult to install expensive equipment for preventing air pollution on them. The owners are lack of periodically maintaining their motorcycles, only noting the performance but forgetting the exhaust emission. If their motorcycles are old, air quality will be invisibly deteriorated. When there are many of them, emitted carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) will further influence our health and ruin environment; from the references, the excessive inhalation of CO will urge hemoglobin in erythrocyte to lose the capacity of oxygen delivery, resulting in CO poison. Furthermore, HC could increase the probability of cancer occurrence.
Addition to the aggressive controls by the central authority unit, 44 exhaust inspection stations for motorcycles had been installed in Chiayi City to provide the annual inspection service for the public. In order to effectively manage and supervise the motorcycle inspection stations, a consultants firm authorized by Environmental Protection Bureau of Chiayi City executed “Project of Controls on Mobile Pollutant and Low-pollution Vehicle Promotion for Chiayi City”, not only providing good inspection service and quality but also controlling motorcycles not periodically inspected via audit, notification and announcement to fulfill the promotions of periodical exhaust inspection and maintenance system. We pioneered in a name of the Environmental Protection Bureau of Chiayi City as the main organization in Taiwan, and put all exhaust inspection stations in Chiayi City together and accredited by Taiwan Accreditation Foundation (TAF).
The Project was executed to December 15. All quantified targets were achieved as follows: 6,145 motorcycles not periodically inspected with an achievement rate of 153.6%; 2,089 motorcycles blocked with a failure ratio of 8.7% and an achievement rate of 104.5%; 10,257 motorcycles not periodically inspected by the license plates are notified with 8,769 motorcycles in response, a response ratio of 85.5% and an achievement ratio of 102.6%; 117,720 letters are mailed in a periodical inspection notice with 2,954 return cases and a return rate of 2.5%.
In order to match “Air Pollution Countermeasure” submitted to the Executive Yuan by the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) according to the target of eliminating the old vehicles based on the household registration for all cities and counties in 2017 to 2019, it was expected one million two-stroke motorcycles were eliminated. From January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018, the eliminated two-stroke motorcycles were about 723,000 nationwide with an averaged elimination achievement rate of 90%, where 22,876 were eliminated by Chiayi City with an elimination achievement rate of 158.8% (2-year target with an achievement rate of 173.7% and 118.4% in 2017 and 2018) to take the first place on the accumulated elimination rate nationwide. The eliminated two-stroke motorcycles were 1,546 in January to October, 2019, achieving 2,073 annually approved by the EPA with an achievement rate of 74.6%. Because the significant promotions in previous two years slowed down the elimination rate in this yea, it was forecasted the reduction of pollution emission would be 0.67 tons/year for PM10, 0.55 tons/year for PM2.5, 0.21 tons/year for NOX, 9.78 tons/year for NMHC and 14.51 tons/year for CO.
In order to promote inspection quality at the inspection station and solve issues on the actual inspection station, the motorcycle inspection stations in Chiayi City will be secretly inspected on site. Using the site inspection can investigate all improvements, improper modification or forced maintenance and high maintenance expense. Furthermore, the inspection flow and inspection quality can be promoted on the inspection station through the site inspection to fulfill quality assurance and quality control as well as enhance credibility on inspection data. 48 stations have been secretly inspected, where five stations violated the Regulations Setting and Managing Air Pollutant Inspection Station for Riding Motorcycle in accordance with severity.
Chiayi City was devoted to promoting higher inspection quality at the inspection station, defining the quality policy, target and promise, as well as ensured the policy can be realized, implemented and maintained by all levels. We not only pioneered in a name of Environmental Protection Bureau of Chiayi City to apply for the motorcycle exhaust inspection organization accredited by TAF, but also had received an extension of supervision and evaluation by TAF on March 18 and March 19, 2019.
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