| 英文摘要 |
Achievement summary completion date: November 5, 109
1. Project name in Chinese: Hualien County's River Dust Early Warning, Promotion and Improvement Project in 2008
2. Project contract number: EPB1080052552
3. Execution unit: Riyang Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd.
Address of Executive Unit: No. 32, Zhongyi First Street, Hualien City
Executing unit telephone: 03-8246028
4. Project host (including co-host): Lin Shiqin
5. Contract signing date: October 25, 108
6. Execution end time: October 24, 109
7. Chinese abstract keywords:
Hualien Creek, Liwu Creek, Xiuguluan Creek, River Dust, Bare Ground, Wind Flying Sand, Granular Matter, TSP, PM10, Automatic Monitoring, Emergency Response
8. Summary of Chinese Achievements:
This plan will be implemented from the contract signing date on October 25, 108. As of October 24, 109, the plan has been implemented for 366 days. The summary of the work results is as follows:
(1) Inventory of rivers and rivers in the open
Routine inspections are carried out once a month. Currently 12 times (November 108~October 109) are carried out. Hualien Creek, Liwu Creek and Xiuguluan Creek are prone to dust and exposed areas along Hualien Creek. There are 17 sites, 2 sites in the Liwu River Basin, 4 sites in the Xiuguluan River Basin, 23 sites in total. Each site fills out the inspection record form and explains the changes in the river bed every month. This year, Hualien Creek will increase 27 hectares of green cover Area, Liwu River will increase 0.09 hectares of green coverage at the downstream of Fu Shi Bridge, the north side of Xiuguluan River and Gaoliao Bridge will increase the fishing pad type water to cover 5 hectares, and the Dayu Dyke will increase the terraced water cover of 6 hectares. On-site bare ground situation, and at the same time build a bare ground database system.
(2) Inspection of sand and gravel industry
Routine inspections of sand and gravel companies along Hualien Creek and Xiukuluan Creek are carried out once a month. There are 14 companies in the Hualien Creek Basin and 4 companies in the Xiuguluan River Basin, totaling 18 companies. At present, a total of 12 inspections are carried out (11 November 2008). From September to September 109), a total of 216 inspections of sand and gravel yards were completed, and all businesses performed regular watering, maintained normal operation of car washing facilities, and cleaned entrances and exits. This plan is to send the pre-monthly gravel industry inventory and Inspection record sheet.
(3) Maintenance of dust early warning system
This project is based on the monitoring systems of Liwu River, Hualien River and Xiuguluan River, and monthly inspections and maintenance of related equipment are carried out to ensure normal operation of the equipment. The maintenance record sheet will be sent to the bureau for reference along with the monthly work report on the 10th.
(4) PM10 automatic monitoring
The 24-hour monitoring of suspended particles is from the completion of the contract to the end of the contract. The monitoring data output is at least one data per hour. After deducting factors such as equipment maintenance and network abnormality, the data efficiency during the monitoring period is at least 90%, and the plan is implemented During the period from November 108 to October 24, 109, the effective rate of Liwuxi Xincheng Station was 99.55%, the effective rate of Hualien Creek Shoufeng Station was 99.18%, and the effective rate of Xiuguluan Stream Yuli Station was 99.78%. In addition, the hourly monitoring data will be built on the above-mentioned webpage for inquiries, and the automatic monitoring station data analysis report record form will be sent to the bureau for reference on the 10th along with the monthly work report.
At 3 stations this year, the highest value of PM10 measured was 210g/m3 in Liwu River at 13:00 on November 19, 108, and 551g/m3 in Hualien River on November 19, 108. No river dust occurred at the time of m3, and 128.45g/m3 was measured at Xiuguluan River on December 12, 108.
On November 19, 108, the Hualien Creek PM10 monitoring study judged that there was a strong wind and dust was blown into the instrument on that day. The reason for the increase in the data was that it was the initial stage of the implementation of the plan, and the planners had no relevant handling experience, and the on-site investigation confirmed that there was no dust. After contacting the testing company for troubleshooting and recalibration, the instrument was able to return to normal function.
(5) Road cleaning operations
Cooperate with street washing operations during the period when the dust is high in Hechuan to reduce the hazards of dust to people’s health. The street washing locations are Xincheng Township, Shoufeng Township and Yuli District. When dust occurs, street washing operations on main roads will be carried out. The street is 5,400 kilometers, and the promotion industry adopts 600 kilometers of street washing. The annual street washing length is more than 6,000 kilometers. As of October 24, the street washing is 5,438.5 kilometers, and the implementation progress is 100%. The promotion industry adopts 600 kilometers of street washing. It reached 4,673.297 kilometers on October 30, and the achievement rate exceeded 100% to complete the scheduled goal.
(6) Emergency drills for dust incidents in rivers in Hualien area
On March 25, 109, the Liwuxi River Management Unit and the relevant bureaus and departments of the county government and various assisting drill units were invited to conduct the "River Dust Early Warning and Protection Drill" next to the Liwuxi outlet. Simulate the situation of dust in the river, and participate in live exercises by response units at all levels to strengthen the familiarity with the notification process and the division of powers and responsibilities of the incident, so as to achieve the effect of changing the dust every day.
(7) Delineation of the impact of river dust in Hualien area (ISCST simulation)
This plan is divided into different levels according to different river basins, and then the scope and extent of the influence are estimated based on the automatic monitoring of concentration, wind direction, wind speed data and ISCST simulation.
(8) Analysis of monitoring data in the past 5 years
By counting the monthly average measured values of each station from 104 to 108 years, the longer-term trend curve and characteristics can be observed, showing that each station presents a more obvious trend due to different seasons. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, all monitoring stations generally showed an upward trend in the measured value curve in September after entering the autumn. When it reached the maximum value of the year in October, the air quality declined rapidly, but it became flat after February. Statistics over the years have found that the probability of dust events in autumn has indeed increased significantly.
After entering the autumn, the three stations at Xincheng Station, Shoufeng Station and Yuli Station are affected by the northeast monsoon, and there is a greater chance of increasing PM10 concentrations. The three stations are similar, but the Shoufeng station and Yuli station are slightly higher. Because the monitoring stations are installed beside the riverbed, they are directly affected by the dust from the river and affect the daily average PM10 concentration. According to the meteorological data of the Central Meteorological Bureau, the number of precipitation days in Hualien in the summer of 107 and 108 was >=0.1 mm on average 12 days per month, and the average sunshine duration was about 183.7 hours per month. Due to the small number of rainy days and the long sunshine duration, Reduce the moisture content of bare ground, and the probability of dusting in autumn (September to November) is higher than that in summer (June to August).
(9) Comment and analysis on the construction method of dust prevention in rivers and rivers
In recent years, the Ninth Rivers Bureau has adopted a variety of dust prevention methods in the Hualien Creek and Xiuguluan Creek managed by the Ninth River Bureau. After accumulating experience year by year from the early single construction methods, in recent years, priority has been given to compound construction methods that are more suitable for the local topography, such as green cover , Sand-blocking stone fences and planting windbreak forests, etc., eliminate the construction methods with poor results, and then use the water covering construction method to improve the exposed area. In addition to reducing costs, it can also improve the efficiency of dust prevention and control, and it is hoped that the riverbed green cover area and the green belt on both sides of the river bank can be connected , The goal and vision of shaping the Huadong Rift Valley into an ecological green network and blue-green corridors are worth learning from other river management units.
(10) Analysis of dust incidents over the years
After analyzing the dust event days from 104 to 108 years, the wind speed's influence on suspended particulates causes river dust to occur. The factors for the occurrence of river dust include 1. Wind speed 2. Wind direction 3. Larger exposed area 4. Dry climate. According to the data of dust event days in recent years, the county River dust may occur when the average wind speed reaches 4.5m/s, and the relative humidity is lower than 70%. There is a high probability of raising dust. Dust events usually occur during the season of northeast monsoon prevailing in autumn and winter. Although the temperature is low, river dust may still occur. The temperature has no relative relationship with the dust in the river.
(11) Hechuan Dust Education Promotion Conference
Tour villages, communities, campuses or patrol teams for education promotion meetings. 4 sessions have been completed this year:
1. On December 17, 108, a total of 83 teachers and students participated in the first education promotion meeting at Fu Shi Elementary School in Xiulin Township.
2. On March 19, 109, the second education promotion meeting was held in Nanpingli, Fenglin Town, and 46 people from neighboring people were invited to participate. This time, the publicity questionnaire was filled in the pre-test and the back. The river dust monitoring station was set up. In the previous test, only 14 people knew the relevant information. After the announcement, the number of people who knew the relevant information increased to 33. In the pre-testing of the division of powers and responsibilities, 20 people knew that the "environmental protection unit" was responsible for monitoring, early warning and publicity, and after the publicity, they understood that the "environmental protection unit" was responsible for monitoring, warning and publicity, and the number increased to 40.
3. On the morning of August 19, 109, we went to the Ghanana tribe in Ruisui Township to hold the third education promotion meeting, inviting a total of 61 people from the neighboring people to participate. This time we conducted the promotion questionnaire to fill out the pre-test and the back, including "Clean Air Action" What is the division of powers and responsibilities of the "environmental protection unit" in the plan (104-109) to promote the prevention and control of river dust? Only 32 people checked correctly in the previous test. After the announcement, the number of people who knew the relevant information increased to 56.
4.On the afternoon of August 19, 109, the fourth education promotion meeting was held in Datong Community of Guangfu Township. A total of 63 people from the neighboring people were invited to participate. This time, the promotion questionnaire was filled in the pre-test and the back side. The "Clean Air Action Plan" From 104 to 109), what is the division of powers and responsibilities of the "environmental protection unit" in the promotion of river dust control. In the previous test, only 32 people checked correctly. After the announcement, the number of people who knew the relevant information increased to 61.
(12) Web maintenance and update
Before the 5th of each month, the "Hualien County River Dust Early Warning and Notification Platform" and the Environmental Protection Agency "River Dust Prevention Promotion Information Network Platform" will be updated and maintained. The updated items are monthly activity information and real-time monitoring of the project monitoring station. Look at the maintenance of the data back-end and upload the project execution results data, complete the project period and update the website data for a total of 12 months.
(13) Innovative practices
This project submitted "Liwuxi Real-time Surveillance" and "Sweeping Car Washing Promotion" on November 30, 108, as this year’s innovation as a preparation for the bureau’s approval. After approval by the Environmental Protection Agency, Liwuxi surveillance The device was set up on January 29, 109. From January 30 to October 24, Liwuxi carried out a total of 269 days of forecasts. The forecast was yellow light level (standby response, river dust may occur) for 11 days. The Environmental Protection Agency’s standard operating procedures for raising dust in rivers must go to the river in the morning and afternoon of the day of the forecast standby level to confirm whether there is any dust in the river. The company’s 60-minute round trip to Liwuxi is calculated. The system saves a total of 1,320 minutes of driving and 660 minutes of river dust response time.
This project started to carry out feeling street washing in December 108. When dispatching street washing vehicles, the vehicles are required to broadcast voice files, in addition to reminding the villagers to pay attention to the dust; in addition, a red cloth strip is hung on the outside of the car to remind the villagers The Hualien Environmental Protection Bureau is assisting in the suppression of dust or road cleaning, and it is advising the villagers that the Environmental Protection Bureau is actively carrying out the suppression of dust.
On September 26, September 28, and September 29, 109, the planners invited local people to conduct a questionnaire survey in Fushi Village of Xiulin Township and Xincheng Village, Xincheng Township, which are more severely affected by Yangchen in Liwu River. There are 21 people from Xincheng Village and 79 people from Fusei Village who filled out the questionnaire. There are 86 people who have lived in the local area for more than 10 years. According to the satisfaction questionnaire survey, 12 people think they are very satisfied, 34 people are satisfied, 35 people are ordinary, 10 people are not satisfied, and 9 people are very dissatisfied.
(14) Dust early warning and notification system
The PM10 automatic monitoring stations of this project are set up in Hualien Creek, Liwu Creek and Xiuguluan Creek to monitor the changes in the concentration of dust in the rivers. The monitoring station samples PM10 per hour of 126 μg/m3 or more, and an alert notification message will be sent. 600μg/m3 and lasting for more than two hours, immediately start the strain mechanism.
In addition, according to climatic conditions, daily dust warning scores for the next three days in Wuxi, Hualien Creek and Xiuguluan Creek are carried out, and the total area is divided into three levels: green, yellow and red:
1. Green level 0-19 points-the probability of river dust is low, no action is required.
2. Yellow level 20~26 points-there is a risk of dust in the river, the relevant unit was notified through the communication software the day before, and volunteers or the project staff were asked to check whether there was dust on the spot in the morning and afternoon of the day. If there is dust, please contact The unit carries out measures related to dust suppression.
3. The red grade is above -27 points, or the probability of dust generation is high (yellow light 25-26 points). The day before, local TV stations were asked to broadcast the marquee to remind residents near the dust river section to carry out protection work.
According to statistics, from November 1 to October 24, the project carried out dust forecasting for a total of 358 days, with a total of 1,074 forecasts, including 1,012 times for green lights, 61 times for yellow lights, and 1 time for red lights. On November 18, Li Wuxi and Xiuguluan Creek predicted green lights, but the prediction of dust was wrong, the other green light predictions were accurate.
(15) Purchase satellite imagery before and after the flood season
In order to grasp the changes in the exposed areas of rivers that are prone to dust in the county, this project will purchase satellite imagery before the flood season (February and March) and after the flood season (May and June) in 109 to record the exposed areas of rivers this year. The situation changed, the dry bare land area of Liwu River was 206.1 hectares before the flood season in 109, and it decreased to 185.9 hectares after the flood season. The area of dry bare land in Hualien Creek before the flood season was 1511.9 hectares, and after the flood season, the area was reduced to 1063.1 hectares. The area of dry bare land in Xiuguluan Creek before the flood season is 639.8 hectares, and after the flood season, it reduces to 557.8 hectares.
9. The completion rate of the plan for the current period: 99.9%
10. Plan the current control ratio: 99.9%
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