| 英文摘要 |
Taitung City has been affected by dust from the Beinan River for many years. Whenever winter or before a typhoon hits, it is often affected by the strong northeast monsoon or the peripheral circulation before the typhoon, causing a serious "wind and sand" disaster. The dust incident in 1998 On the 32nd of the day, the maximum concentration of PM10 reached 2,000 (μg/m³). When the wind blowing sand occurred, the large and small sand particles and fine dust were scattered around with the wind, and the entire Taitung City was shrouded in gray sand and dust, and the outdoor visibility was comparable. The air quality is very low and the air quality is very poor, which has a considerable impact on the traffic safety and quality of life of residents in Taitung City. For this reason, the Taitung County Environmental Protection Bureau has proposed the "Beinan River Dust Control and Improvement Promotion Plan since 100 years." "(abbreviated as this project), through the project, we hope to establish mechanisms for early warning, notification, publicity, and actual water coverage of dust and sand in Beinan Creek, so that the people who are affected by the wind and sand in Beinan Creek can come before the dust. Take precautions in advance.
This project collects data from various stations (Taitung, Guanshan, Liji, Renai Ai Primary School, Forest Park, and five dimensional sensors), river characteristics, and current land cover in river areas (or dust prone conditions) over the years. , purchased satellite images (one piece per month, 6 pieces in total), and judged the composition of the riverbed in the Beinan River Basin. In 2011, the bare land of the Beinan River bed accounted for more than 23% on average, followed by the water-bearing beach about 31%. The vegetation area is about 23%, and the water body is about 23%, and the PM10 concentration simulation increment is carried out, and 20 inspections of the bare land are carried out. Combined with all the information, the dust-prone areas of the Beinan River are planned, and the upstream of Liji Bridge to the sea outlet and Baohua The upstream and downstream sections of the bridge and the upstream and downstream sections of the Dianguang Bridge are prone to river dust under the blowing of northeast, north and south winds (3m/s). To this end, during the plan period, the water coverage construction method was carried out on the upper and lower reaches of the Zhonghua Bridge to the estuary area, and 175 working trips (300-type monster hands) were carried out. , and during the prevailing season of the northeast monsoon, 99 vehicles of road environmental cleaning operations were carried out in the areas susceptible to river dust. The length of street washing was 9,207 kilometers, the TSP reduction amounted to 312.10 metric tons, and the PM10 reduction amounted to 116.46 metric tons.
In addition, in order to allow the public and emergency response units to respond in advance, a river dust forecast mechanism was established, and the dust forecast and air quality real-time information in the next 24 and 48 hours were provided through the dust cover APP and 10 LED displays (electronic signboards). Managed 3 internal, 2 professional and 2 river dust patrolling trainings, with a total of 188 people participating, in order to improve the professional knowledge and concepts of the responders. A total of 4 meetings are held every quarter, and a total of 140 people from suspended particulate matter disaster prevention and response units are invited to participate in order to understand the division of power and responsibilities, integrate resources, strengthen the response mechanism of each unit, and facilitate discussion and communication. Pipes, and collect the dust control effect of each unit.
During the plan period, 10 publicity activities on river dust prevention were held. Through the publicity activities, the community, students and teachers of schools and teachers established the self-protection concept of dust prevention, and promoted the efforts of central and local prevention and control. Creative propaganda such as the prevention and control results video brings more diverse propaganda methods. The use of short films instead of going to the Beinanxi scene is like visiting the scene to understand it in person. With VR virtual reality glasses, it can deepen the public's experience. The total number of participants reached 1,004 969 questionnaires were collected from the above-mentioned publicity activities, and the overall activity planning satisfaction reached 86%.
Through the implementation of the above work items, due to the influence of Lubi and Compass typhoons in 2011, the water cover was completely destroyed. The Eight Rivers Bureau and the Environmental Protection Bureau actively invested in the restoration of the water cover to keep the riverbed continuously moist. However, during the restoration period, the typhoon encountered The peripheral circulation and the northeast monsoon have intensified. In October, the Taitung station occurred on the 2nd day of the dust event, and on the 1st day at the Guanshan station, the PM10 concentration had been reduced to 150 (μg/m³) within 2 hours after the response measures were implemented by various response units. within. According to the analysis of the river dust emission conditions from 104 to July 111 at the Taitung Station, when the wind speed is above 3 (m/s) and the wind direction is north, northeast, and northwest, the daily proportion of dust events is more than 57%. From January to July 2011, a total of 98 days (397 hours) met the above set conditions, and the dust event days were predicted to occur. After the water covering construction method was applied, only 2 days (3 hours) of the dust event days occurred, and the improvement rate reached 98. %. The PM10 concentration in Taitung was only 18.4 (μg/m³) in 110 and 16.24 (μg/m³) in 111, the lowest in the country. At the same time, Taitung City achieved the result that no dust incidents occurred for 24 consecutive months, and the river dust control was effective. quite significant.
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