| 英文摘要 |
Abstract
Pingtung is the stronghold of agriculture, husbandry, and aquaculture in Taiwan. With wastewater produced from these three industries and manufacturing industry, domestic sewage, and nonpoint source pollution, the water quality of rivers in Pingtung County area will decline and influence the functions of water if the wastewater is not processed well. Therefore, it is important to protect our water resource and seek effective measures and prevention to manage water pollution. There are about 1,970 listed businesses in Pingtung County, including more than 20 industries such as husbandry, food industry, hospital…etc, of which husbandry accounts for 68% as the majority with 1,344 businesses. Environmental Protection Bureau of Pingtung County Government has drafted this project to enhance the examination of unauthorized wastewater discharge and pipelines in Donggang River, while thoroughly inspecting the industries located in the area and testing the water samples collected. With guidance and flagging simultaneously executed, the authority is dedicated to stop the illegal waste discharged by the businesses, scale down the pollution and improve the environment on a larger scale.
The project is from 1st January, 2022 to 31st December, but items were required to complete before 30th November, 2022. Below is the summary of the achievement documented till November 30, 2022:
I. Inspections on industries in the Donggang River Region and towns nearby
a. 988 industry inspections have been completed, of which 745 were on non-herbivorous-animal husbandries, 37 were on herbivorous-animal husbandries, and 206 on the other businesses. 4 major violations (bypass discharge) were found, conducted by 2 non-herbivorous-animal (pig) husbandries, 1 herbivorous-animal (cow) husbandry, and 1 incinerator or waste disposal area.
b. The inspection results present that there are 630 husbandries in Donggang River region, of which the anaerobic tanks in 249 wastewater treatment facilities use stainless steel as lid, cement tanks, or gas storage tanks. The installation of anaerobic tank has increased from 23.5% in 2021 to 39.5% in 2022. From 2020 to 2022, there were 72 husbandries installing anaerobic tanks to let waterpower stay longer. In addition, obvious smell from 48 husbandries was detected during inspection. The project will submit the list to air pollution team of Environmental Protection Bureau for them to guide the husbandries to reduce the smell.
II. Examination of the water samples
156 collection and testing on water samples have been completed, of which 71 were from other businesses and 7% of them unqualified, 75 non-herbivorous-animal husbandries and 44% of them unqualified, and 10 herbivorous-animal husbandries 100% unqualified. From the results, we can conclude that wastewater discharged from husbandries is the main source of contamination in Donggang River region. There were also 5 collections of effluent from other businesses inspected but not being able to meet the standard, which included 3 hospitals and 2 slaughterhouses.
III. In-depth Examination on the wastewater treatment facility functions
6 in-depth inspections have been completed, which were performed on Wang Ranch, Yong Food Industry Co., Ltd. in Chaozhou, Wang hsiang yuan Co., Ltd. in Pingtung, the second factory of Chiang Food Co., Ltd., affiliated slaughterhouse of Kuan Company, and Min Livestock Farm. According to our committee member’s inspection report, their facilities and pipelines were not marked clearly, process of discharging wastewater was lack of consideration, activated sludge was too much or parameter estimation was wrong, and the amount of sludge was abnormal and does not correspond to the current license. To attain the best efficacy of wastewater treatment, we will continue to trace their progress based on the members’ suggestion.
IV. Instant surveillance and investigation on pollution
The project found several violations from businesses due to illegal disposal of wastewater, incomplete facility, and keeping their effluent without discharging. With the 24-hour water quality surveillance system, it is more efficient to track down violation and reduce the need for inspectors to ambush for a long period. The results were fruitful, which included 5 disposals of wastewater in non-discharging point, 14 examinations of effluent unqualified, and 1 disposal of wastewater in water pollution control area.
V. Establishment of non-listed industrial pollution source database
a. In the Donggang River region, there were 622 non-listed husbandries, including 256 duck farms with the highest proportion, 249 duck farms as the second highest, 54 goose farms, 46 sheep farms, 2 deer farms, and 15 food factories. The map and statistic database of these non-listed husbandries have been updated.
b. The project has completed 29 examinations of non-listed business, including 25 non-listed husbandries (duck farm) and 4 non-listed business (food factory), and flow meters were installed to monitor their daily amount of wastewater discharged. Also, effluent from non-listed business was collected and analyzed to see their impact and load on the contamination of Donggang River. The test result of duck farms was: SS from 78~4,000 mg/L with the average of 28.4 Kg/d for daily pollution, COD from 349~7,370 mg/L with the average of 35.7 Kg/d for daily pollution, ammonia nitrogen 21.3~29.5 mg/L. As the result shows, there were huge differences between water pollutants’ concentration, and the effluent from duck farms with facilities of wastewater treatment contains lower concentration of pollutants than the ones without. Food factories include dried tofu factory, tofu skin factory, and animal viscera factory. For dried tofu factory, SS is 1,620 mg/L and COD 4,450 mg/L; for tofu skin factory, BOD is 2,060 mg/L and COD 919 mg/L; and animal viscera factory SS 55mg/L and COD 213mg/L. The results show that wastewater from non-listed business contributes to contamination load in Donggang River.
VI. Cooperation with Environmental Protection Bureau of Pingtung County Government to implement Nightingale and Early Bird and Scale up the Inspections
The project has cooperated with Environmental Protection Bureau and scaled up the inspections. 44 tasks have been completed and 204 husbandries have been inspected, of which 14 were found violating the regulations, 13 were found in violation of the 7th article of Water Pollution Control Act, 1 in violation of the 28th article. The total fine has summed up as 306,672 NTD.
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