| 英文摘要 |
This project addresses international trends in natural carbon sink and domestic legislative requirements, proposing strategies for natural carbon sink development and promoting corporate participation in carbon removal. The focus is on analyzing the current state of national carbon inventory data and establishing Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) mechanisms for carbon sinks in forests, soils, lakes, and reservoirs. Additionally, the project explores the co-benefits of carbon sequestration, carbon trading market mechanisms, and incentives for corporate participation to enhance the supporting systems.
To improve data quality in natural carbon sequestration projects, the project proposes MRV mechanisms for forests, soils, lakes, and reservoirs, including standardized sampling methods, personnel training, and third-party verification. It also recommends gradually incorporating localized parameters to increase the accuracy and reliability of carbon sink estimations. In response to the risks of carbon sink reversal caused by natural disasters or human disturbances, the project advises authorities to establish a risk assessment and management system. This would include implementing a carbon credit buffer mechanism, whereby project developers reserve a certain percentage of carbon credits as a buffer and adjust the buffer ratio dynamically according to the risk level to ensure project effectiveness.
Furthermore, the project reviews the multiple co-benefits of natural carbon sink projects and suggests the development of evaluation indicators to encourage high-quality projects with multiple benefits, thereby boosting market confidence and stimulating the carbon market. The project also collects international measures such as tax incentives or subsidies to reduce market volatility and attract corporate participation, providing references for domestic policies aimed at promoting carbon market development.
This project consolidates international regulations, quantification methods, and incentive mechanisms for natural carbon sinks, and establishes MRV (Measurement, Reporting, and Verification) examples for forests, soils, and water bodies. It integrates global trends, domestic calculations, and expert opinions. Recommendations include clarifying the division of responsibilities for voluntary reduction mechanisms, developing a digital MRV platform, improving greenhouse gas inventories to encompass various ecosystems, and promoting data sharing. Strengthening risk management, international coordination, and the evaluation of co-benefits will facilitate the smooth conversion of natural carbon sinks into certified reduction credits, thereby supporting policy formulation, enhancing implementation efficiency, and advancing sustainable development. It is also advised to continuously monitor evolving international standards, expand pilot demonstrations, and bolster market confidence and competitiveness. These measures will help ensure the long-term stability and contribution of natural carbon sinks.
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