| 英文摘要 |
Asbestos is the general name for fibrous hydrated silicate minerals, mainly divided into serpentine (chrysotile, or white asbestos) and amphibole (brown asbestos, bluestone, amphibole, actinolite and tremolite). Asbestos has a variety of properties, including: fire resistance, high temperature resistance, insulation, wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, high tension resistance, fiber softness, flexibility, spinnability, etc. Therefore, asbestos has not yet been exposed to hazard information. In the era of popularization, asbestos was widely used in various materials, such as building materials (such as roof tiles, tiles and asbestos cement, etc.), friction products (such as automobile clutches, brakes and transmission components, etc.), and high-temperature resistant fibers. , packaging, gaskets and coatings, etc.
With the advancement of medical and health science and technology, research reports have successively pointed out that asbestos fibers may be harmful to the human body. Inhalation of asbestos dust will not only cause pulmonary fibrosis and form pneumoconiosis, but may also induce bronchial lung cancer, thoracoperitoneal mesothelioma and For other malignant tumors, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), an affiliate of the World Health Organization (WHO), officially pointed out that asbestos poses a cancer risk in 1973, and confirmed that asbestos is a first-level carcinogen in 1977. Countries around the world have also successively reduced the risk of cancer. Use or even ban asbestos. The Ministry of Environment of my country also announced asbestos as a Category II toxic chemical substance in May 1989, and has revised the regulations on asbestos-related operations and permitted uses many times since 1990 to reduce the risk of asbestos exposure in my country's environment.
However, China used a large amount of asbestos as building materials from the 1950s to the 1980s. Although asbestos was announced as a scheduled toxic chemical substance by the Ministry of Environment in 1989, its use has been reduced year by year. However, the induction period of lung cancer caused by asbestos is about 30~ 40 years, and 40 to 50 years for mesothelioma. Once asbestos tiles, asbestos boards, asbestos-containing insulation building materials, asbestos-containing pipelines, etc. are demolished or renovated, or are damaged by natural disasters, it may immediately Environmental pollution problems caused by asbestos.
Currently, there are 238,421 asbestos tile roofs under management nationwide, and it is estimated that asbestos-containing roof building materials are approximately 541,820 tons. Among them, Tainan City, Kaohsiung City, Yunlin County, Chiayi County, and Changhua County are the top five counties and cities. Miaoli County has 7,384 listed buildings, ranking 10th in the country.
Therefore, the Environmental Protection Bureau of Miaoli County Government (hereinafter referred to as the Environmental Protection Bureau or your Bureau) is responsible for this project in order to understand the current situation of buildings containing asbestos building materials and assist households in properly disposing of asbestos building material waste after the buildings are demolished, so as to reduce Harmful to human body and environment. In addition, broadcasts and media broadcasts are also used to help the public better understand the hazardous characteristics of asbestos-containing waste and the correct cleaning methods.
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