| 英文摘要 |
To support the elevation of the Ministry of Environment, this project aims to assist in analyzing the strategic directions and policies for improving water quality in Taiwan. Additionally, it addresses the issues of climate change and water resource recycling, exploring the impact of our water resource utilization policies on future water quality changes. The feasibility of adjusting river water quality assessments from a water resource utilization perspective will also be analyzed. This project has completed the collection and analysis of data on water quality improvement policies and assessment mechanisms from countries such as the United States, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. It has also compiled and analyzed the effectiveness of relevant policies currently implemented domestically. Furthermore, the project has conducted suitability assessments of monitoring stations in two major rivers in the northern region and one river in the southern region.
The RPI of 50 rivers nationwide has improved, decreasing from 3.8 in 2002 to 2.6 in 2023. The number of monitoring stations indicating severe pollution has reduced from 66 stations in 2002 to 10 stations in 2023. The proportion of severely polluted river lengths has decreased from 14% in 2002 to 3.3% in 2023, showing a long-term trend of water quality improvement. Among the nine monitoring stations that consistently indicated severe pollution, five stations (Xin Hai Bridge, Da Pu Bridge, Da Kuai River Bridge, Zhu Wei Bridge, and Wu Kong Bridge) have improved to moderate pollution levels in 2023. However, the remaining four stations (Wen Gang Bridge, Jishui River Bridge on Provincial Highway 19A, Qianzhou Bridge, and Jiu Ru Bridge) still indicate severe pollution in 2023. Additionally, some monitoring stations have shown signs of RPI deterioration.
This project assists the agency in analyzing the achievement of remediation targets for the Tamsui River system, consolidating the implementation results of remediation measures by various ministries, and convening three river remediation coordination meetings. The project examines the reasons why some monitoring stations have not met their targets and continuously reviews water quality improvement strategies. From 2018 to 2023, the Tamsui River system has not yet met the project objectives. The overall BOD achievement rate for the entire basin is 79%, and four monitoring stations in the basin still exhibit severe pollution in certain months. Therefore, the assistance of relevant agencies is still required to promote remediation measures. Consequently, it is necessary to continue the "Follow-up Implementation Plan for Tamsui River Pollution Remediation" from 2024 to 2027, maintaining the original project objectives under continuous monitoring.
In 2023, only the Qiedong River Bridge in the Nankan River Basin showed a significant increase in the River Pollution Index (RPI) to severe pollution due to river channel construction, while the RPI at other monitoring stations indicated moderate pollution. However, from January to April 2024, the average RPI at Dapu Bridge, Dakuai River Bridge, Hongtai Bridge, and Xingjian Bridge indicated severe pollution, primarily due to the impact of the dry season, which increased the frequency of water quality anomalies. In contrast, the water quality in the Laojie River Basin has significantly improved in recent years, with all monitoring stations indicating moderate pollution from 2023 to April 2024.
From 2017 to 2023, the Ministry of Environment approved subsidies for local governments to implement 81 capital projects (including joint approvals). The subsidized municipalities and counties include Keelung City, New Taipei City, Taoyuan City, Hsinchu City, Miaoli County, Taichung City, Nantou County, Changhua County, Yunlin County, Chiayi County, Chiayi City, Tainan City, Kaohsiung City, Pingtung County, Yilan County, and Lienchiang County, totaling 16 regions. These projects focus on wastewater interception and water quality purification to improve the water quality of river bodies. As of May 2024, 62 projects have been completed.
Through the collaborative efforts of agricultural authorities and environmental protection agencies in water quality monitoring and pollution source inspection, significant progress has been made in recent years in controlling heavy metal copper across various counties and cities. Nationwide, a total of 13 water bodies in five counties and cities have been designated as Total Quantity Control Zones, and effluent standards have been tightened for seven water bodies in five counties and cities. From January to March 2024, the compliance rate for the irrigation water quality standard for heavy metal copper in all counties and cities reached 100%, showing a significant improvement in water quality compared to the period before the implementation of controls.
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