| 英文摘要 |
Cooperating with Ministry of Environment implementing “Plan of Total Quantity Control of Air Pollution in Kaohsiung and Ping-Tung”, “Regulations of the Emissions Reduction Recognition for Reserve Exchange ＆ Transactions” and other laws and regulations, this project assisted the Environmental Protection Bureau Kaohsiung City Government (EPB) in promoting and implementing total quantity control in Kaohsiung and Ping-Tung. Additionally, this project conducted inspections within Kaohsiung City for industries involved in metal surface coating, copper foil substrate manufacturing processes for controlling volatile organic compounds(VOCs). Furthermore, it utilized an air quality model to simulate the impact of pollution sources within Kaohsiung City on air quality, and presented analytical reports as a reference of enhancing the air quality in Kaohsiung city.
The main tasks of this project was to handle the application, review, issuance, and management the documents of the plan of total quantity control, and on-site inspections should be executed before issued. In addition, depending on the implementation situation of the total quantity control, it was also necessary to executed the reviews and issuance of the emission reduction recognition, which were exchanged, traded and extended by firms. The information on the webpage of the project were maintained and updated continuously for authorities and firms. The summary of the implementation results of this project is as follows:
As of December 2023, a total of 468 existing stationary pollution sources have been placed under supervision, 28 firms that have not yet obtained the operating permit will be included in the next phase of the plan. In phase 1, the approved emission included 13,714.9 tons of PM, 48,794.6 tons of SOx, 57,996.9 tons of NOx, and 21,851.5 tons of VOCs; the designated reductions included 653.8 tons of PM, 2,417.9 tons of SOx, 2,888.2 tons of NOx, and 1,083.4 tons of VOCs.
Besides, 107 firms were approved the emission reduction recognition (147 firms submitted applications in total), including 800.5 tons of PM, 5,645.1 tons of SOx, 8,112.7 tons of NOx, and 2,811.6 tons of VOCs; 80 cases of transfer and 33 cases of exchange were accomplished; 16 review cases of exchange reaching the certain scale and 56 review cases of the operating permit under the scale were accomplished; 126 inspections have been completed, with an annual increase of approximately 170,000 dollars in air pollution fees. Additionally, four sessions of VOCs reduction negotiation meetings have been conducted, with a reduction of 156 tons in emissions can be achieved. There were significant differences between certain permitted quantities and the current situation, indicating a need for further adjustments.
According to the simulation results, reducing emissions from 58 designated stationary pollution sources has shown an observed decrease in O3-8hr at the Meinong station, but other stations have shown an increase in these values. However, there have been positive benefits in improving PM2.5 and sulfate across all stations. During periods of poor air quality, the impact on O3-8hr has only improved at the Meinong station; furthermore, the degree of improvement increases as the Air Quality Index (AQI) rises. The improvement in PM2.5, when the AQI is greater than 100, indicates that only the Lin Yuan and Meinong stations have reductions in PM2.5 greater than the annual average. This suggests that improvements are more pronounced in downwind locations during periods of poor air quality. Therefore, reducing emissions in NOx and VOCs has demonstrated efficacy in decreasing PM2.5, with priority given to reducing line-source NOx emissions; reducing emissions in VOCs has consistently led to reductions in O3-8hr, with a priority focusing on area sources.
Analyzing the important doubts and countermeasures in the past and the current stage, this project gave suggestions about the next phase of total quantity control plan, related to the list of objects, the regulation of emissions re-approval, the target of specified reduction, emission reduction recognition, exchange, and development project emission reduction recognition involved with environmental impact assessment. In addition, this project suggested that Ministry of Environment should announce the implementation of the next phase of total quantity control plan as soon as possible, and clearly define the objectives and reduction responsibilities. The current policy should be consistent and coherent, not only to accelerate the implementation of the spirit of total quantity control and phased reduction, but also to increase the willingness of firms to reduce the emission voluntarily.
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