環境資源報告成果查詢系統

112年陸上運輸系統噪音防制改善及科技執法評估研究計畫

中文摘要 近年來陳情案件中,其中有很多是汽機車改裝產生巨大噪音,不論是白天或夜晚,都製造令人不愉快的聲音,半夜時更是嚴重妨害安寧、擾人清眠,故有許多抱怨或陳情電話,控訴汽機車噪音過大,實有必要針對「聲音照像」科技執法,發展陣列型麥克風聲音AI辨識技術,建立使用中車輛聲音照相科技執法聲像與頻譜顯示,改良「多車源機動車輛噪音照相系統」,排除多車噪音干擾(含對向車道)之波型過濾機制,以解決噪音車輛製造噪音卻採證困難的問題。有關多音源聲音照相科技執法研發技術乃根據聲波傳播理論,利用麥克風陣列(Microphone Array)收集到的訊號,可以將某一方向傳來的聲音增強或抑制(雜音)進而來分離多音源聲音。利用這種方法,麥克風陣列(Microphone Array)可以將噪音環境中特定聲音訊號有效的增強(分離)、知道所在的位置(識別))(聲音方向性、指向性),採用麥克風陣列亦可排除其他背景音量,解決複合性音源之問題,因此可以用在非常廣的應用領域。 營建工程噪音因具有一定工期、固定範圍的特性,影響程度及範圍隨施工進度之不同階段而有極大的差異。雖經民眾檢舉並由地方環保局進行稽查及限期改善,但隨工期變動,施工工法及使用機具輪替變換,往往複查時已無當初稽查所使用的工法及機具,導致經複查符合標準的結果與民眾感受有實質上的落差,造成陳情案件居高不下。為有效解決營建工程噪音擾寧問題,達到「營建工程噪音陳情案零成長」的目標。111年共完成10場次營建工程聲音科技照相研究測試,採用噪音計結合陣列式麥克風及攝影機,針對五種不同複合性音源型態進行研究測試,測試結果可達音源分離及各類噪音辨識效果,有效識別各種噪音來源及位置。為再提升營建工程聲音照相技術之精密度及準確度,於本(112)年度規劃在無響室以陣列式聲音照相設備對不同噪音源進行5場次比對測試,進行陣列式麥克風測量系統檢定及校正相關研究,另將規劃與環保局召開「營建工程聲音照相科技執法」示範觀摩會議,說明結合陣列式麥克風聲音照相技術應用於營建噪音稽查研究成果,期盼本案藉由推動「營建工程科技執法」之技術瞭解噪音源頭及勤查管理措施,藉由行政管理手段,要求營建工地改善噪音污染問題,期提升營建工程噪音管制成效。 現階段陳情案件都會地區常有數個噪音源位於同一地點之特性,其共同形成之環境音場更為複雜,產生之合成音量效應(即所謂「複合性音源」或稱「叢聚性音源」)影響環境安寧,而關於設施之複合性音量目前已規範於《噪音管制標準》(102.08.05.修正)第9條,惟尚無明確之陸上交通運輸系統複合性音源分離方法或做法。測量噪音時考量並依據《陸上運輸系統噪音管制標準》第3條第1項第7款進行背景音量之修正、第3條第1項第8款計算及判定,則量測結果應可符合相關規定。如測量地點之整體音量,疑似包括軌道系統及其他陸上運輸系統(快速道路、高速公路)、其他道路(諸如河堤便道、一般市區道路)、航空噪音等,測量時需依據《陸上運輸系統噪音管制標準》第3條第1項第7款進行背景音量之修正。《陸上運輸系統噪音管制標準》第3條第1項第7款:是指單一交通運輸系統與其他非屬陸上運輸系統(即背景音量,例如市區公路及航空…等)之差別。第3條第1項第8款:是指陸上運輸系統中之不同系統之差別,扣除市區公路及航空等,其中第2目所謂「測量地點包含二個以上道路系統」,所指道路系統僅包括快速道路及高速公路,各個欲測定音源音量加總為複合性音量;反之,欲求得各個欲測定音源音量需個別進行背景音量修正(即受其他音源之噪音複合性影響)。故藉由本案來建立:若測量地點之整體音量包括二個以上道路交通系統音量,且各交通系統之音量相差數值小於10dB(A)時之複合性音源鑑定分析及分離方法;並彙編陸上交通運輸系統噪音陳情案件辦理程序及應注意事項,以供相關單位及機關(構)參考。 透過計畫亦將蒐集國際上推動遙控無人機噪音相關法規規範或管理指引、噪音量測方法、量測環境條件及儀器規格參數,並掌握推動現況、會同3處機場(需包含陸軍及空軍操作維護機場)所在地縣市環保局進行航空噪音監測、檢討航空噪音監測站之設置位置及數量,維護更新航空噪音監測資料判讀工具功能供縣市環保局使用,以降低航空噪音陳情案件。此外,將檢討修訂陸上運輸系統及噪音管制區劃定相關法令及管制建議,更新「執行航空噪音監測站、監控中心查核及機場周圍地區航空噪音監測報告書審查指引」及「陸上交通運輸系統噪音陳情案件處理程序及應注意事項指引」,供各縣市環保局參考使用。
中文關鍵字 陸上運輸系統、科技執法

基本資訊

專案計畫編號 經費年度 112 計畫經費 5756.275 千元
專案開始日期 2023/07/07 專案結束日期 2023/12/31 專案主持人 劉嘉俊
主辦單位 環境部大氣環境司 承辦人 謝議輝 執行單位 台灣永續工程顧問有限公司

成果下載

類型 檔名 檔案大小 說明
期末報告 「112年陸上運輸系統噪音防制改善及科技執法評估研究計畫」(成果報告定稿本).pdf 27MB 112年陸上運輸系統噪音防制改善及科技執法評估研究計畫

2023 Research Project on Improvement of Noise Prevention and Technology Enforcement in Ground Transportation System

英文摘要 In the petition cases in recent years, many of them are caused by the refitting of automobiles and locomotives, which make loud noises. No matter it is day or night, they make unpleasant sounds. In the middle of the night, they seriously disturb the peace and disturb people's sleep. Therefore, there are many complaints or petitions. Telephone, accusing automobiles and motorcycles of excessive noise, it is really necessary to enforce the law against "sound and camera" technology, develop array microphone sound AI recognition technology, establish sound image and spectrum display for vehicle sound and camera technology law enforcement in use, and improve "multi-vehicle source motor vehicles Noise Camera System", a wave-type filtering mechanism that eliminates noise interference from multiple vehicles (including opposite lanes), so as to solve the problem of difficult evidence collection when noisy vehicles make noise. Multi-source sound photography technology law enforcement research and development technology is based on the sound wave propagation theory, using the signal collected by the microphone array (Microphone Array), can enhance or suppress the sound coming from a certain direction (noise) and then separate the multi-source sound. Using this method, the microphone array (Microphone Array) can effectively enhance (separate) specific sound signals in the noise environment, know the location (identification)) (sound directionality, directivity), and use the microphone array to exclude other Background volume solves the problem of complex sound sources, so it can be used in a very wide range of applications. Due to the characteristics of a certain construction period and a fixed range of noise in construction projects, the degree of influence and scope vary greatly with different stages of construction progress. Although reported by the public and inspected by the local environmental protection bureau and improved within a time limit, as the construction period changes, the construction method and the use of machinery and tools are alternately changed, and often the construction method and machinery used in the original inspection are no longer available at the time of re-inspection, resulting in results that meet the standards after re-inspection There is a substantial gap with the feelings of the public, resulting in high petition cases. In order to effectively solve the noise nuisance problem of construction projects and achieve the goal of "zero growth in construction project noise complaints". In 111 years, a total of 10 construction engineering sound technology photography research tests were completed, using noise meters combined with array microphones and cameras to conduct research tests on five different types of composite sound sources. The test results can achieve sound source separation and various noise identification effects. Effectively identify various noise sources and locations. In order to further improve the precision and accuracy of construction engineering sound photography technology, in this (112) year plan to conduct 5 comparison tests on different noise sources with array sound photography equipment in the anechoic room, and conduct array microphone measurement system verification In addition, the Planning and Environmental Protection Bureau will hold a "construction engineering sound camera technology law enforcement" demonstration meeting to explain the application of array microphone sound camera technology to construction noise inspection research results. It is hoped that this case will promote "construction engineering technology" "Enforcement" technology to understand the source of noise and diligently check management measures. Through administrative management means, the construction site is required to improve the noise pollution problem, and the effectiveness of noise control in construction projects is expected to be improved. At the present stage, there are several noise sources located in the same place in the metropolitan area of the petition case, and the environmental sound field formed by them is more complex, resulting in a synthetic volume effect (the so-called "composite sound source" or "cluster sound source") Affects the tranquility of the environment, and the complex volume of facilities has been regulated in Article 9 of the "Noise Control Standard" (102.08.05. Amendment), but there is no clear method or practice for the separation of complex sound sources in the land transportation system. When measuring the noise, the background volume should be corrected according to Article 3, Item 1, Item 7 of the "Land Transportation System Noise Control Standard", and the calculation and judgment of Article 3, Item 1, Item 8 should be carried out. Regulation. If the overall volume of the measurement site is suspected to include the rail system and other land transportation systems (express roads, expressways), other roads (such as river embankment access roads, general urban roads), aviation noise, etc., the measurement must be based on the "Land Transportation System Paragraph 7, Item 1, Article 3 of the Noise Control Standards amends the background volume. Subparagraph 7, Item 1, Article 3 of "Noise Control Standards for Land Transportation Systems" refers to the difference between a single transportation system and other non-land transportation systems (that is, background volume, such as urban roads and aviation...etc.). Subparagraph 8 of Item 1 of Article 3: refers to the difference between different systems in the land transportation system, excluding urban roads and aviation, etc., where the so-called "measurement site includes more than two road systems" in item 2 refers to the road system Only express roads and highways are included, and the volume of each sound source to be measured is summed into a composite volume; on the contrary, the volume of each sound source to be measured needs to be individually corrected for the background volume (that is, it is affected by the composite noise of other sound sources). Therefore, based on this case, it is established: if the overall volume of the measurement site includes the volume of more than two road traffic systems, and the volume difference of each traffic system is less than 10dB(A), the composite sound source identification analysis and separation method; and compile the land traffic The handling procedures and matters needing attention in cases of transportation system noise complaints are provided for the reference of relevant units and agencies (institutions). Through the project, it will also collect international laws and regulations or management guidelines for the promotion of remote control drone noise, noise measurement methods, measurement environmental conditions and instrument specifications, and grasp the current status of promotion, and cooperate with 3 airports (including the army and air force operations) The county and city environmental protection bureau where the airport is located conducts aviation noise monitoring, reviews the location and number of aviation noise monitoring stations, and maintains and updates the functions of the aviation noise monitoring data interpretation tool for use by the county and city environmental protection bureau to reduce aviation noise complaints. In addition, we will review and revise laws and regulations related to the delineation of land transportation systems and noise control areas and control proposals, and update the "Guidelines for Executing Aviation Noise Monitoring Stations, Monitoring Center Checks, and Review of Aviation Noise Monitoring Reports in Areas Around Airports" and "Noise Reports in Land Transportation Systems Case Handling Procedures and Points for Attention” for reference by county and city environmental protection bureaus.
英文關鍵字 Ground Transportation System, Noise Prevention and Technology Enforcement