| 英文摘要 |
With net zero carbon emissions becoming a crucial policy for countries worldwide, National Development Council (NDC) announced the Net Zero Emissions Roadmap and 12 key strategies in March 2022. These strategies serve as a collective direction for various sectors to shift from carbon reduction and low-carbon practices towards sustainable net-zero goals. Among these strategies, "zero waste in resource circulation" related to waste management has been recognized as one of the pivotal strategies. The primary approach involves "waste-to-energy conversion," "enhancing sustainable resource circulation," and "connecting upstream, midstream, and downstream industries to create a resource supply chain." These initiatives aim to promote waste management measures aligned with the net-zero emissions objectives.
In Taiwan, a large amount of inorganic waste, which is mostly slag or sludge during the manufacturing process were produced. It potentially contains heavy metals, expandable and other unstable components, and usually be treated with energy-consuming stabilization technology. Others must be buried and cannot be effectively reused. The current treatment of inorganic waste is mainly used in building materials such as ready-mixed concrete, CLSM and recycled aggregates, all of which require the addition of cement, a high-carbon emission material. In the future, the recycling of inorganic wastes should be promoted with technology that can overcome the aforementioned issues and reduce carbon emissions at the same time.
This project aims to continue the research achievements from last year, and to continue the application development of inorganic resources using "geopolymer technology". By promoting in three aspects: "expanding material source assessment", "optimizing product production", and "promoting technology commercialization", we aim to accelerate the promotion of low-carbon technology.
Key outcomes of this project include:
1. Understanding the characteristics of 6 types of buried wastes and the operational problems in the industry. Based on the analysis results of the component characteristics, a priority list for the development of geopolymer technology is proposed. For the selected item "blasting waste", non-cement bricks were developed, with excellent compressive strength performance and no leaching of heavy metals observed. It can be a potential inorganic resources for future industrial linkage.
2. Non-cement bricks developed using reduced slag and co-burning fly ash. After preliminary testing and corrections, three optimal ratios have been proposed, among which the addition amount for the reduced slag group can reach 80%, significantly increasing its potential as a substituted cementitious material.
3. By using different sources of inorganic resources, the reproducibility of the optimal ratios are verified. Some test group products exhibited better strength than the originally developed groups. However, it should be cautious when using co-burning fly ash from wood fuel, as the high organic content may affect product quality. Pre-treatment or improvement of combustion operations is recommended before it can be used as a material for non-cement bricks.
4. Three different alkaline solutions have been tested for alkali substitution. Among them, waste photographic fixer and aluminum etching waste solution achieved strength of Grade B brick with small portions of alkali substitution. When aluminum etching waste solution was substituted at 30%, the strength still reached Grade C brick level, demonstrating the potential of using waste alkali in geopolymer technology.
5. This project also matched an inorganic waste source industry with a reuse organization. Counselling was provided for the application for a reuse test plan of geopolymer bricks, including conducting waste characteristic testing, setting acceptance standards, planning transport routes and methods, establishing operational procedures, determining product quality standards, handling derivative waste, and planning product sales, gradually implementing the promotion of technology through practical operations.
6. To promote geopolymer technology and its application in inorganic wastes, the "2024 International geopolymer Technology Workshop" was held. Domestic and international experts shared current technology, commercialized products, and trends in the application of inorganic wastes. A total of 153 people, including ready-mixed concrete, cement product manufacturers, attended the workshop. Through discussion, the promotion of geopolymer technology and its application was facilitated.
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