英文摘要 |
Taiwan's net-zero carbon emissions target has been planned in alignment with pathways outlined by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the United States, and the European Union. The primary focus before 2030 is on implementing feasible carbon reduction measures to minimize carbon emissions from both energy and non-energy sources. By 2050, Taiwan needs to process more than 40.2 million metric tons of CO2 annually to achieve net-zero carbon emissions. However, current electrochemical CO2 conversion technologies face significant challenges:
(1) High energy consumption for converting CO2 to CO, combined with the high cost and low efficiency of precious metal catalysts used on cathode carbon cloth, fails to meet the demands of negative carbon technology.
(2) The low value of by-products from CO2 electrochemical conversion reduces industry interest in adopting the technology.
This project introduces an innovative low-energy CO2 conversion module, aiming to accelerate the industrialization of negative carbon technology. The research focuses on developing high-efficiency CO2 conversion techniques to achieve net negative carbon emissions. On the cathode side, unique chemical grafting and dual-faced hydrophilic-hydrophobic treatment techniques are employed, depositing catalysts on gas-diffusion carbon cloth using a wet process. This approach increases the catalyst area to 400 cm², reduces costs by 20 times compared to traditional PVD processes, and boosts CO2-to-CO conversion efficiency to over 85%. For the anode system, alternative oxidation half-reactions are developed to reduce oxidation voltage to below 1.35V. Compared to traditional oxidation half-reactions, this innovation significantly decreases energy consumption and enhances the economic value of the products, overcoming the limitations of high energy consumption and low product value in CO2 electrochemical conversion. Additionally, the research successfully validates a CO2 conversion module by connecting modules with catalyst areas of 100 cm², achieving a processing capacity of 1 ton/year. Automated equipment has also been designed, including automated control zones, reaction zones, and storage zones for both electrolyte and products. The system processes 114.3 liters of CO2 per hour, producing 97.6 liters of CO with an average conversion efficiency of 85.42%. The report encompasses catalyst material development, surface treatment, dual-faced hydrophilic-hydrophobic applications, and system design while detailing CO2 reduction and anode optimization techniques. This breakthrough paves the way for a low-energy, high-value-added CO2 conversion pathway, accelerating the industrialization of negative carbon emission technologies.
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