| 英文摘要 |
The aims of the present project were to (1) determine the concentrations of 50 concerned chemicals of 7 chemical groups in sediments and fish collected from 15 major rivers around Taiwan and analyze their temporal and spatial distribution trends, (2) update the analytical data and link to assigned database (3) apply multiple chemical management decision-making model tools and provide management suggestions. First, sediment and fish samples were collected from 15 major rivers around Taiwan including Dansuie River, Dahan River, Sindian River, Keelung River, Dajia River, Jhuoshuei River, Bajhang River, Jishui River, Jiangjun River, Zengwun River, Gaoping River, Linbien River, Hualien River, Siouguluan River and Beinan River. Concentrations of methoxychlor, perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), pesticides and their metabolites (including glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), chlorpyrifos and pendimethalin), short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BPA), phthalate esters (PAEs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabrominated biphenyls (HBB), dechlorane plus (DP), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and metals were measured in collected samples. In total, 17,160 analyzed data were obtained. The concentrations of certain chemicals in sediments and fish showed decreasing trend compared to those in 2001~2010. It indicates that the control strategies for these chemicals significantly reduced their releasing into the environment. After the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Environment successively announced the gradual ban on chlorpyrifos in 2022, this project found that the concentrations of chlorpyrifos in river sediments and fishes have significantly decreased, indicating effectiveness of the control strategy. However, the concentrations of specific chemicals such as PFASs, glyphosate and AMPA, SCCPs, PBDEs, HBB and DP in sediments, and PFASs, glyphosate and AMPA, SCCPs, BPA and DEHP in fishes were higher than those in the previous survey. We recommended that it was necessary to strengthen control strategies and continuously monitor their distribution trend. In the future, candidate chemicals with global concerns, high production volume, hazards to environment and human health could be further included for long-term investigation. In addition, we have completed the e-book of the achievements of the investigation on the environmental distribution of chemical substances.
Second, the analytical data and popular science information were updated to the "environmental distribution survey of chemical substances Information Website". The environmental distribution survey data were uploaded to the Central Data Exchange (CDX System) of the Ministry of Environment, and linked to the ChemiCloud platform.
Third, this study determined the distribution and correlation of specific pollutants at particular time points and in specific media by applying multiple chemical management decision-making models, including pivot analysis, Sankey diagrams, and chemical distribution surveys of rivers. Additionally, the Toxicological Priority Index (ToxPi), a tool for integrating diverse toxicological information, was used to identify and rank the priority of chemicals and sampling sites across 11 river basins in southern Taiwan. The results indicate that certain chemicals have higher ToxPi scores due to factors such as their physicochemical properties, toxicity, and detection rates, highlighting the necessity of continuous monitoring of environmental concentration distributions. Furthermore, downstream sampling sites, particularly those in the Jiangjun River, Erren River, and Dianbao River, may require increased attention in future sampling strategies. The relevant information was also presented through a geographical information visualization interface, using chemical analysis results and data from the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register Data Bank, to assist with further decision-making.
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