| 英文摘要 |
The project integrates government policies and measures through a rolling planning and adjustment approach, dividing its objectives into technical and management aspects. The technical aspects include surveys and studies on (1) technical guidelines for greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring and detection;(2) methodology for GHG monitoring and detection; and (3) development of GHG measurement techniques. The management aspects include (1) training related to GHG verification, accreditation, and testing techniques; and (2) analysis of impartiality issues in situations where a GHG verification body also functions as an environmental testing agency and where a testing laboratory also plays a role as a proficiency testing provider.
In the technical aspects, a draft of guidelines for GHG monitoring and detection has been proposed, based on a compilation of multiple ISO standards. This draft focuses on traceability in measurement and criteria for evaluating measurement uncertainty. For the surveys of methodology on GHG monitoring and determination, the team has prioritized the cement and semiconductor industries, conducting translations of related ISO standards, with drafts of the translation now completed. Among these standards, ISO 19694-7 is particularly focused on the semiconductor and panel industries, employing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) systems as the main detection technology. The project also aims to study and develop FTIR methods for measuring fluorinated GHGs in emission stacks.
In the management aspects, 60 hours of training for GHG accreditation assessors and 18 hours of training for experts in on-site assessment of testing laboratories have been conducted. Additionally, two practical field exercises were completed, with more than 20 participants in total. With regards to the analysis of impartiality issues, based on the analysis of domestic and international practices, government laboratories in the United States and Canada typically conduct blind sample tests independently or designate approved agencies to act as proficiency testing providers, with many agencies holding dual roles as accredited laboratories and proficiency test providers. According to relevant ISO standards, the key to ensuring no conflict between these roles lies in the management’s ability to identify and mitigate potential conflicts of interest within the organizational structure and management mechanisms.
For GHG verification bodies that also operate as testing laboratories, beyond conducting risk assessment per ISO standards, the competent authority can also refer to the Singapore system, which stipulates in relevant guidelines that verification bodies should avoid any consulting or technical cooperation related to monitoring plans or emission report preparation with the companies they verify.
|