災後環境污染防治計畫及其實施機制之探討—毒性化學物質處理技術
| 中文摘要 | 災後環境處理通常是毒災救災後最困難的工作，由於毒化物的潛在毒性散佈問題，毒化物的災後處理應立即進行，不應拖延，以降低對環境之影響。在過去由於缺乏明確的災後環境處理指標與處理方法，且事故單位在災後可能喪失災後處理能力，因而延誤處理時機，導致污染之擴大。行政院環保署委託南區毒災應變諮詢中心(以下簡稱本中心)執行「災害後環境污染防治計畫及期實施機構之探討-毒性化學物質處理技術」專案研究計畫目的即為了達到有效提升、強化毒性化學物質災後環境處理之工作，本計畫首先針對慢毒性及難分離性物質之運作、事故類型，建立毒性化學物質災害事故分類標準，並撰寫災後毒性化學物質環境污染防治實施作業說明書及標準作業程序、建立慢毒性及難分離性物質之災後環境處理指標，以強化災後處理工作、縮短災後處理時間及降低災後毒性散佈。本計畫依進度目標，期末報告成果完成工作項目有：建立完成毒性化學物質災害事故分類標準，建立完成九種慢毒性及難分離性物質，包括二氯聯苯胺、丙烯晴、苯、四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、二溴乙烷、環氧乙烷、四氯乙烯、三氯乙烯之災後毒性化學物質環境污染防治實施作業說明書及標準作業程序、建立完成慢毒性及難分離性物質之災後環境處理指標。在本報告中更增加了三件本中心所接獲災害應變之實際案例及兩件國外之災害案例，具體佐證本計畫完成之災後標準作業程序內容之可行性。另於九十一年十一月，為訓練各級環保單位正確使用本計畫所擬定之作業說明書及標準作業程序，在北、中、南三區針對環保單位召開說明會，其中亦獲得各級環保單位熱烈回應及提供實際救災經驗中之寶貴意見，並已將其意見納入本計畫所擬定之作業說明書及標準作業程序中。而針對目前國內環保單位防災體系，包括中央、縣市及鄉鎮市等，對實際執行上所需改進之處加以研究並進行檢討，於本報告中，提出建議及改善對策，期能更有效強化災後毒性化學物質污染之處理。 | ||
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| 中文關鍵字 | 毒化物,災後環境處理,緊急應變處理 | ||
基本資訊
| 專案計畫編號 | EPA-91-U1J1-02-121 | 經費年度 | 091 | 計畫經費 | 1420 千元 |
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| 專案開始日期 | 2002/04/12 | 專案結束日期 | 2002/12/31 | 專案主持人 | 陳政任副教授 |
| 主辦單位 | 環管處 | 承辦人 | 執行單位 | 國立高雄第一科技大學 |
成果下載
| 類型 | 檔名 | 檔案大小 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 期末報告 | 0000010978.zip | 15MB | [期末報告]公開完整版 |
The Study of Post-Incident Environmental Pollution Prevention Planning and Action Mechanism – Toxic Substance Treatment Technology
| 英文摘要 | The treatment of pollution from incidents involving toxic substances is usually one of the most difficult tasks among the post-incident tasks. The treatment must be prompt and allowed no delay to reduce the impact on the nearby environment. In the past, the task is usually delayed owing to lack of clear indicators and methods of treatment, and/or the company with incident lack of the capability to complete the task of post-incident pollution treatment. The Environmental Protection Administration has contracted the EPA/NKFUST Southern Center for Emergency Response of Toxic Substance (ENSERTS) the project “The Study of Post-Incident Environmental Pollution Prevention Planning and Action Mechanism - Toxic Substance Treatment Technology” for the purpose of improve and enforce the post-incident environmental pollution treatment tasks. The project first established an incident classification method based on the operation and potential incident types of toxic substance. The project then goes on to establish standard operation procedures for post-incident environmental pollution prevention actions and clean-up indicators for toxic substances with slow toxicity and slow decomposition rate. The project has completed on schedule. The tasks completed in this final report include: established incident classification method, established standard operation procedures of post-incident environmental pollution prevention actions for nine toxic substances: dichlorobenzidine, acrylonitrile, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dibromoethane, ethylene oxide, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene. The indicators for treatment of post-incident pollutions for these nine compounds were also established. The report also included three real incidents from the ENSERTS and two incident from the literature to support and verify the procedures established in this project. On November 2002, three Workshops were also held at northern, central, and southern Taiwan districts for demonstra | ||
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| 英文關鍵字 | toxic substances,treatment of pollution from incidents,treatment of emergency response from incidents | ||