溫泉廢水暨附設餐飲廢水水污染調查及管理制度評估計畫
| 中文摘要 | 行政院環境保護署配合溫泉法公布，並因應全國溫泉區近二分之一位於水源水質水量保護區情形。特藉由本計畫進行相關溫泉廢水調查及污染量之推估，並依溫泉區廢水的來源、性質，研擬管制方案，作為未來溫泉廢水管理制度及措施制訂的方向，以維護溫泉區河川水質、自然生態，並使業者永續經營。 依據本計畫溫泉廢水採樣分析結果，其水質特性與溫泉泉質關係密切。全國約有65％的溫泉泉質屬碳酸氫鈉泉，其餘則為硫酸鹽泉及氯化物碳酸鹽泉等多種泉質。其中單純泡湯廢水，主要是溫度較高38~42℃、氫離子濃度介於1~9因泉質酸鹼不同變化較大，其他污染物如大腸桿菌群為500～100（CFU/100mL）、懸浮固體介於0.35～5mg/L（不含關子嶺溫泉區，關子嶺溫泉區70~115mg/L（湯屋部份））及少量特殊成分(如氯離子或硫酸根離子等)應可符合現行放流水標準。 而由溫泉區實際訪查結果，顯示目前國內大部分溫泉業者採泡湯廢水與沐浴、餐飲及客房廢水混合排放方式，反而使廢水中的大腸桿菌群增高至1,150,000～60,000（CFU/100mL）及懸浮固體1~30mg/L（不含關子嶺溫泉區，關子嶺溫泉區950 mg/L）等，污染物明顯升高。經由對數個溫泉區河川上下游水質分析及水中魚類、藻類等生態調查後，初步驗證對河川生態及水質呈現不同程度之影響。若將餐飲、沐浴、客房廢水與單純泡湯廢水分流處理，應可大幅降低溫泉廢水對河川的直接衝擊。 本計畫初步擬定兩種溫泉廢水管制方式，一是分管排放，其中水量較大的單純泡湯廢水，僅規範需經簡易水處理設施處理後即可排放，預期大部分業者應可適用水量小於50噸/天的較寬鬆水污法管制。方式二是混合排放，惟所有廢水全量混合，溫泉業之總排放水量可能超過50噸/天，需面對較嚴格之法令管制。另因總廢水量及水質變異均較大，廢水處理設施的硬體投資、操作及維護成本亦相對大幅增加，藉以鼓勵溫泉業者朝分管排放方式處理溫泉廢水，期有效降低溫泉區之河川污染負荷及生態影響。 | ||
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| 中文關鍵字 | 溫泉、溫泉廢水, | ||
基本資訊
| 專案計畫編號 | EPA-93-G103-02-201 | 經費年度 | 093 | 計畫經費 | 3180 千元 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 專案開始日期 | 2004/03/18 | 專案結束日期 | 2004/12/31 | 專案主持人 | 楊萬發 |
| 主辦單位 | 水保處 | 承辦人 | 執行單位 | 台灣大學環境工程學研究所 |
成果下載
| 類型 | 檔名 | 檔案大小 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 期末報告 | 00000393141.pdf | 26MB | [期末報告]公開完整版 |
The Administration system evaluation and pollution inventory for hot spring and food wastewater
| 英文摘要 | The Environmental Protection Administration issues the decree of Hot Spring Wastewater Management to cope with the conditions of over half of hot springs locate in the protected area of source water quality and quantity. Based on the pollution source and characteristics of hot spring, this study focuses on the hot spring wastewater investigation and pollution inventory in order to plan control schemes that may serve as the direction of administrative system and measures initiation for hot spring wastewater management in the future, as well as to maintain river water quality, ecosystem, and sustainable usage in the hot spring area. According to the analysis results, the relationship between water quality and inherent of hot spring is very closed. A 65% of hot springs are sodium bicarbonate type of spring and the rest are sulfate and/ or chlorocarbonate type. Meanwhile, the pH value of hot springs in the Yang-Ming Mountain area are 1-2 for greenish sulfate spring or 3-5 for white sulfate spring, however, the pH value may up to 9 for some basic spring. In terms of other pollutants, E. Coli count 500-100 (CFU/100mL), suspended solid 0.35-5 mg/L, and some other rare compounds (i.e. chloride and sulfate ions) that all meet with current effluent criteria. From the results of survey, most hot spring operators combine the gray and black water together and discharge to water body. It thus, the E. Coli count and suspended solid concentration are increased significantly, 1,150,000-60,000 (CFU/100mL) and 1~30 mg/L respectively. To investigate the fish and algae in the aqua system from the whole of watershed in hot spring area, the results revealed that the wastewater quality and quantity of hot spring affect the river water quality and its ecosystem remarkably. Wastewater separation and segregate treatment may significantly reduce the impacts of hot spring wastewater discharge to water body. | ||
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| 英文關鍵字 | hot spring,hot spring wastewater | ||