| 英文摘要 |
The objectives of this survey were to estimate the environmental protection expenditures by the government sector and the industry sector, and to understand the relationship between the environment and economic development. The findings of this survey were used for estimating the Green GNP and as the basis for related government policies.
This survey covered all R.O.C. territory. The population of this survey included the government sector and the industry sector. The government sector consisted of central and local government agencies, state-run businesses, and public colleges and universities. The industry sector comprised both state-run and private manufacturing industries, and water, electricity, and gas industries. The data collected were generated between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2005.
For this survey, we adopted the definition of environmental protection expenditures made by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and reflect the special needs of our own country, namely “expenditures of activities for abatement, reduction or elimination of pollution or public endangering materials produced by the process of manufacturing and consumption.”
The environmental protection expenditures included both capital expenditures and current expenditures. Major findings estimated from the sample of this survey were summarized as follows:
1.The environmental protection expenditures by the government sector and the industry sector totaled NT$109.1 billion, accounted for 0.98% of GDP in 2005.
The environmental protection expenditures totaled NT$109.1 billion, with NT$56.5 billion (51.8%) by the government sector and NT$52.6 billion (48.2%) by the industry sector, respectively. In terms of capital expenditures and current expenditures, we found that Capital expenditures totaled NT$36.0 billion while current expenditures amounted to NT$73.1 billion.
The environmental protection expenditures accounted for 0.98% of GDP, with 0.51% by the government sector and 0.47% by the industry sector, respectively.
In average, a citizen spent NT$4,790 on environmental protection.
2.The environmental protection expenditures by the government sector totaled NT$56.5 billion in 2005.
The environmental protection expenditures by the government sector totaled NT$56.5 billion, which could be divided into two parts: capital expenditures and current expenditures. Capital expenditures totaled NT$19.2 billion while current expenditures amounted to NT$37.3 billion. The pollution abatement equipment expenses were NT$18.8 billion, which accounted for 98% of the government's environmental protection capital expenditures. In terms of pollution abatement items, we found that the NT$31.8 billion on solid waste management ranked first, accounted for 56.3% of the total capital expenditures. In terms of different levels of the government, the results showed that local governments spent a total of NT$41.2 billion, more than the NT$15.3 billion spent by the central government. Among the local governments, Taipei County spent the most with a total of NT$8.3 billion, accounted for 14.8% of total environmental protection expenditures by local governments.
3.The environmental protection expenditures by the industry sector totaled NT$52.6 billion in 2005, air pollution treatment accounted for 45%.
The environmental protection expenditures by the industry sector totaled NT$52.6 billion, which could be divided into NT$16.7 billion (31.8%) of capital expenditures, and NT$35.9 billion (68.2%) of current expenditures. NT$16.5 billion, 98.7% of the capital expenditures, were spent in the procurement of pollution abatement equipment, ,while NT$33.1 billion, 92.2% of the current expenditures, were spent in equipment operation and maintenance. In terms of pollution abatement items, we found that the NT$23.5 billion (44.8%) for air pollution treatment ranked first, while the NT$18.6 billion (35.3%) for wastewater treatment ranked second, with the two combining over 80% of all environmental protection expenditures. Metal basic industry had the highest spending in environmental protection expenditures, with a total of NT$11.9 billion, accounted for 22.7% of all.
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