限氧自營菌硝化脫硝程序應用於石化業高氮廢水之技術開發
| 中文摘要 | 石化工業區內各工廠廢水成分特性殊異，例如有機氮螯合劑以及氨氮所構成之總凱氏氮(TKN)進流濃度時高時低，水質變化大。既使進廠綜合廢水之COD濃度範圍，未曾超過進流濃度限值，以及設計處理濃度有機氮及氨氮在多段式兼氣菌及好氧菌之生物分解能力，仍顯不足。以致 PACT 程序中活性碳吸附容量偏低，表面附著生物膜厚度太薄，曝氣攪拌功能不足以促進生物處理效率。 本計畫利用特殊設計生物反應槽，內部區隔成好氧段及缺氧段生物反應器，第一段好氧槽以塑膠單體構成的生物流動床 （Moving Bed Bio-film Reactor，MBBR），第二段是架設不織布單體為主的缺氧段固定床（Bio-film Fixed Bed）串連處理高氨氮低COD特殊工業廢水，以實場廢水培養處理，控制溶氧DO由4 mg/L~0.5 mg/L，在有限的溶氧條件下，在Run5：HRT=12 hr，進流TN濃度80 mg/L~100 mg/L， 總氮負荷達VLR：0.2 g N/L-day，總氮去除率 TN removal：～75％， 會有10 mg/L左右的硝酸鹽氮生成，並無明顯亞硝酸鹽的累積（< 1mg/L）。另外將厭氧氨氧化技術應用於 TFT-LCD 光電廠含氮廢水的處理，在本研究中額外添加亞硝酸鹽至廢水中，利用培養在迴流式厭氧污泥床（R-UASB）中的自營性脫氮菌處理，HRT 控制 1天，總氮負荷VLR達0.2 g N/L-day，總氮去除率可穩定達 70%。 本研究結果，利用模場現場連續流方式強化培養原生菌中的自營性亞硝酸菌及自營性脫氮菌，再將培養菌源植種回實驗室規模反應槽，實驗室連續流pilot 啟動初期以氨氮濃度達300-400 mg/L原廢水稀釋3倍配置進料廢水，HRT控制1天，出流水質氨氮濃度約為 20 mg/L，連續操作 3 個禮拜的微生物，處理氨氮的去除率可以達70％以上，顯示以現場模場強化培養的原生污泥策略，在啟動反應槽的過程中，可以快速啟動，達到除氮的效果。 目前培養的自營性脫氮菌，已經可以將亞硝酸鹽（NO2--N）及氨氮（NH4+-N）在缺氧的環境下還原成氮氣（N2），在批次培養瓶中，氮氣的濃度比例最高可以達80％，利用分子生物技術檢測，在專一性primers Pla46 and Amx368r（all anammox organisms, specific for Brocadia, Kuenenia and Scalindua）的PCR 放大產物中，原生污泥經過培養的自營性脫氮菌可以有明顯的 PCR 產物。顯示培養後的污泥包含有amammox 微生物族群。 以Lab-scale 10L規模的pilot環流式固定槽中載體的微生物進行 16S rDNA 基因選殖（clone library）及 DNA 定序（sequencing）實驗，在挑選的 98 個 clones中發現 31 個 OTUs （operational taxonomic units）。 可發現反應槽中同時存在AOB及NOB，以Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria，AOB Nitrosomonas sp. 為主，Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria，NOB Nitrospira sp.為最主要的微生物菌群，與T-RFLP 分析出來的結果相近。 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 中文關鍵字 | 生物流動床, 總氮, 亞硝酸鹽, 厭氧氨氧化 | ||
基本資訊
| 專案計畫編號 | EPA-96-04-0-01 | 經費年度 | 096 | 計畫經費 | 3622.6 千元 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 專案開始日期 | 2007/11/19 | 專案結束日期 | 2008/09/18 | 專案主持人 | 鄭幸雄 |
| 主辦單位 | 永續發展室(停用) | 承辦人 | 林燕柔 | 執行單位 | 國立成功大學 |
成果下載
| 類型 | 檔名 | 檔案大小 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 期末報告 | 成果報告摘要.pdf | 0MB | [期末報告]公開版 |
Development of Oxygen-limited Autotrophic Nitrification-Denitrification System
| 英文摘要 | In the petrochemical industrial park various manufacturers` effluent contributed to quite different ingredient characteristic of wastewater. For example the organic nitrogenous chelating agent (EDTA) as well as the ammonia nitrogen constituted TKN as the critical pollutants to the biological treatment process with limited nitrification performance. In DS petrochemical industrial wastewater treatment plant, a series of activated carbon plus activated sludge basins were operated as PACT process. The organic carbon (COD=300 mg/L) was adsorbed onto the PAC, while the nitrogenous pollutants (TKN=350 mg/L) could not be biodegraded effectively without anoxic microbes. So that in the PACT process the activated carbon loading capacity was somewhat low, the adhesive` biofilm thickness was too thin, and the aeration performance was insufficient to promote the biotreatment efficiency with simultaneous COD degradation and ammonium nitrification. In the last decade, some new biological nitrogen removal processes have been developed to reduce operational costs of aerobic nitrification and organic carbon source supplement for heterotrophic denitrification. Many studies focused on the development of autotrophic nitrogen elimination technology such as process combination of partial nitrification and the anammox process, which is regarded as a promising new method for removing nitrogen from wastewater with a low C/N ratio(<0.15) and a fairly large quantity of ammonium. In this study, a combined bioprocess of partial nitrification (MBBR) and anammox (BioWEB) chambers was developed to achieve a syntrophic microenvironment wherein only the influent ammonium was converted to nitrite, followed by the anammox process to ensure total nitrogen removal, simultaneously to 70% . The return activated sludge collected from DS petrochemical industry wastewater treatment was used as seeding inoculation into the laboratory scale biofilm reactor. In addition, a molecular biomonitoring technology (T-RFLP and cloning) was applied to identify the bacterial community shift of the biofilm and the acclimated biomass within 260 days of the continuous-flow operation. Simultaneous denitrification of nitrite with ammonium as the electron donor to yield nitrogen gas was observed while the rows formed nitrite is reduced faster than ammonium oxidation with limited aeration . The continuous operation results showed that the maximum anammox reaction rate occurred when the DO ranging from 0.8 mg/L to 1.0 mg/L. In the lab-scale bioreactor of 10L working volume, the 16SrDNA clone library and DNA sequencing , were conducted to discover the microbial community with of 31 OTUs 98 clones (operational taxonomic units) that indicated high biodiversity of microbial population was present in the oxic-anoxic chamber . The detectable bacteria simultaneously represent AOB and NOB. The primary species of ammonia oxidizing bacteria, AOB was identified as Nitrosomonas sp. while the major nitrite oxidizing bacteria, NOB was Nitrospira sp. of that contributed to the main microorganism bacteria colony. The result of T-RFLP analysis the microbial similarity. | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 英文關鍵字 | MBBR,TN, Nitrite, anammox | ||