| 英文摘要 |
Air quality models are playing vital roles in tasks concerning the air quality planning and regulatory compliance checking. As the content of air quality models becomes more sophisticated, both in their scientific mechanisms and in their data input, a successful job requires different aspect in supports and specialties. Taiwan EPA urged by this requirement has established the Air Quality Modeling Center (TAQMC), which recruits expertise and data resources in different institutes over the Island and is connected over the Internet platform to carry out its missions.
In this project, it is intended to layout the organization and operation of TAQMC. As an answer to please from the air pollution community, TAQMC’s operation is aimed to serve the community needs in three major areas, namely the expertise in advanced air pollution modeling, the data acquisition needs in model input and the computational platform needs. Furthermore, to meet the continuous challenge of both the scientific and legal advancement in the community, TAQMC also serves as the forum for new ideas and cooperative endeavors for future Air Quality.
TAQMC supported in this project has been inaugurated for over four years. Six universities have been involved in hardware, software and data bank supporting tasks. Through the web site contents and online information retrieving services, TAQMC has achieved its minimum function required by its goals. Both the reduction in task duplications and improvement in service and job quality are widely noticed by the community. The prospective of a final dynamic air quality managing system through the daily operation of TAQMC is the consensus among the common participating members.
According to the sixth and seventh terms in the air pollution control act, the sources applied to emit or change pollutant, which the quantity is larger than a certain value, have to demonstrate that their impact on air quality is below the tolerance values by air quality model. Therefore, air quality model become a necessary tool to determine the permit of stationary source. Besides, air quality model traditionally can be used on air quality management plan, air quality impact assessment, and state implement plan, and et al. The project of air quality modeling center is designed to support various air quality models in needs of regulation, administration, and development. The results are shown briefly as follows.
1. Assisted the technical examinations of air quality modeling for Environmental Protection Bureau of local government. On the basis of emission permit database, established by China Technical Consultants, this project screened 58 applications and completed 44 cases with detailed information. Twelve cases those performed air quality modeling were reproduced for confirming the accuracy of related information and air pollutants’ concentrations. This year also selected the first ten storages piles with particulate emissions simulated, and cited five cases to simulate the particulate concentration over neighborhoods receptors.
2. Assess the benefits of the “Allowable incremental limits” strategy. This project analyzed the time series data of criteria air pollutants over four distinct regions and examined the benefits of the “Allowable incremental limits” strategy. This study also created an emission index for estimating the trend of emission over varied regions with air pollutant’s concentration and meteorological parameters. Besides, this research utilized CALPUFF model to evaluate the appropriate emission scales of air pollutants.
3. Examination of air quality modeling proof. The required documents and database were established and updated. The GTx trajectory model was validated, and further training and announce of this air quality model would be continued.
4. Collection and analysis of emission, meteorological, and ambient air database for air quality model. The formatted meteorological databases for ISC3 model were uploaded at web site of TAQMC from 2000 to 2006. The databases of emission, meteorological and ambient air quality for year 2000 and 2003 were gathered. The incremental emissions data of stationary sources those have passed EIA and will precede development before year 2010 were collected and compared with base year (year 2000).
5. Maintained, updated and consulted services of TAQMC. Until now, the members of TAQMC were 1236 persons, average guests were 265 persons per days. The major tasks for visiting TAQMC were reading, downloading and performing on-line simulations. The discussing fields were categoried into ten types as air quality models, meteorological models, emission models, air quality obsearvation, educations, strategies evaluation, technique development and international exchange, routine tasks, tested and FAQs. The total articles and topics were 312 and 129 for discussing fields.
6. Using air quality model to evaluate the amount of allow emission in the middle part and the north part air basins. The results can provide the reduce emission that to improve the air quality in these basins in Taiwan.
7. Evaluation of long-term air quality impact assessment of 2011 new sources using air quality model in Northern、Central、Kao-Kao-Ping and Yun-Chia-Nan air basins. The results can be used for making and adjustment control strategies to improve ozone air quality in Taiwan.
8. The impact of the emissions allowed by Environmental impact assessment (EIA) of future (2023) new source on air quality have been evaluated and quantified by long-term simulation of six months in 2003 using photochemical grid model. The results show that the high ozone (greater than 120ppb) days of North, Central, Yun-chia-nan, and Kao-pin air basins might be increased 103%, 67%, 186%, and 79% respectively. It is implied that total emission allowed by EIA might result in serious impact on future air quality without furthermore control strategy.
9. During 6 months simulation period, the influences of East Asia anthropogenic emission on ozone concentration are about 8.5 ppb for monthly average and 8.3 ppb for period average of high ozone days (ozone > 120 ppb).
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