| 英文摘要 |
In this project, the issues related to water resource conservation area of the Fei-Tsuei Reservoir, feasible practices and the quantity of reduceable pollution are proposed. Tasks completed in this project are itemized as follows.
1.
Strategies for restraining the population growth include: Domiciliary Censuses and Land Possessions Registration need to be thoroughly conducted, personally owned lands in the conservation areas of the reservoir watershed need to be procured by the government according to the regulations, the plan of water resource area needs to be reexamined, the growth of landuse needs to be restrained. Rate of the sewage systems needs to be increased, installation of combined purification tank at remote residential areas needs to be enhanced.
2.
Non-point source pollution from tea garden needs to be reduced firstly, Plant Doctor needs to be promoted to each county or town so that farmers could be instructed to use pesticides and fertilizers correctly and reasonably, and accordingly, the goal of controlling the pollution yield could be achieved. Culture and quality of the tea need to be elevated, in addition to promotion of the development of Food Traceability System, application of best management practices (BMPs) is also encouraged to effectively control the pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus.
3.
As for the traffic discharge of the NO.5 National Highway, in general, before the Shei-shan Tunnel was open for use, the vehicle discharges during holidays and non-holidays were around 20,000 (units/day) and 11,000 (units/day) respectively. Since June 16, 2006, after the tunnel was used, during non-holidays, the traffic discharge was around 35,000 (units/day) which was about triple of that before the tunnel was used; and during holidays, the traffic discharge at the outlet of Pin-Lin interchange was limited at 4,000 (unit˙time/day) and was no more than that before. During holidays, certain amount of vehicles for recreation gets into the downtown of Pin-Lin from other reads. In the future, travelers might return, and it is suggested that the government officials keep monitoring.
4.
For total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), the loading ratios of point source pollution to non-point source pollution are evaluated to be 20:80 and 28:72 respectively.
5.
Because the types of non-point source pollution are Sepatate and they occur with the rainfall events. Therefore, they are difficult to be evaluated. In this project PI model indicating the critical areas polluted because of soil erosion is proposed. The advantage of this model is that high potential critical areas of non-point source pollution can be quickly evaluated. It is found that 1,035 hectares of tea garden in the reservoir watershed are categorized as among them, 368 hectares of tea garden are within 50 meters to the river banks.
6.
Practical pollution reduction plans are proposed as follows high potential tea gardens adjacent to the river banks need to be procured, tea gardens within 50 meters to the river banks or reservoir need to be recovered to be virgin forest land. Aside from these, BMPs are applied to other tea gardens.(If 10% of the tea garden area is used, the reducing rate could be as high as 80%). If the above-mentioned plans are carried out, the TP can be reduced by as much as 4,644 kg annually, i.e. 27% of the TP loading. The cost for this is evaluated to be 3.9 billions of NT dollars in total. If the cost for the improvement of water quality is transferred to the water price and to share in seven years, the water price needs to be increased as much as 1.101 NT dollars/m3.
7.
It is unable to restrain the travelers from entering the Fei-Tsuei reservoir watershed. Accordingly, LID is suggested. LID includes (1) Low impact traveling activities；(2) Establishment of guiding and instruction systems；(3) Education；(4) Increase of the capacity of environment in this area against the impact.
8.
It is necessary to install automatic monitoring and warning systems for water quality control. Apart from these, Web-GIS is also suggested to connected and shared, and the safety of water quality may be insured.
9.
Based on the constituent analysis of contamination in Bei-Shi stream, 7% TP and 1% TN were contributed by the effluent from Pin-Lin sewage treatment plant, so we should set up some BMPs.
10.
The foreign case study focus on hazard zone identification, land use integrated systems, prevention measure of erosion, BMPs application, livestock excrement and waste management, propaganda and education, and the integration of Ecohydrology, phytotechnology and biomanipulation.
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