| 英文摘要 |
This scheme is to collect some countries’ information about the offset system for greenhouse gas (GHG) on the program rules, the allowance proportion of GHG offset, eligibility criteria, and the cases of offset projects. These data and information were collected from the countries including the U.S.A., Canada, Australia, and the European Union. To analyze the effects in economics (using the index of marginal decrement cost, gross national products and price level), society (index of employment and health), and the environments (index of air quality, water quality, and effects of land-use), MARKAL-MACRO Analysis Model combined with Econometric Model are used in this study. The results reveals that the averaged loss of annual growth rate in GDP (based on the carbon price US $22/t-CO2e), in the duration of 2006~2025, is from 0.71% increased to 0.95% as the carbon offset proportion is from 60% reduced to 35%, that is, the lower the carbon offsets from out-of-state the greater in GDP loss. However, for national long-term benefit, higher proportion of carbon reduction in the state (or lower GHG offset from abroad) will be beneficial to national energy security, water safety and human health.
The Committee of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIS) has made greenhouse gas emissions an integral part of assessing environmental impacts, moreover, the significant exploitation projects will be requested to take GHG emission inventory, register and reduce emissions. Refer to the GHG management systems of the U.S.A., Canada, Australia, and the European Union, this scheme establishes the examination procedures and monitoring programs of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission for exploitation project in the EIS procedure. Besides, “The Guidelines of Assessing Incremental Emissions and the Use of Carbon Offset for Exploitation Projects” is drafted. This scheme had examined 10 projects on its GHG emission assessment applying in EIS. There were three projects on sites to be supervised and watched over on its commitments of GHG emissions.
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