| 英文摘要 |
This study focused on impacts of transportation of dump trucks on the health risk of residents near the Tai-16 roadway in the Nantou County. We selected the residents in Dy-Li and huo-she as control set. The traffic volume survey and atmospheric diffusion model were conducted to simulate the particulate matter exposure of residents. Besides the particulate matters, indoor/outdoor dust, and blood/urine sampled were collected and were analyzed for their metal contents. The residents’ cardiovascular, respiratory, and kidney functions, related questionnaires were collected to assess their health conditions.
The particulate matter levels in the exposure sets were obviously higher than those in the control set. The high particulate matter levels were contributed by the transportation of dump trucks. Additionally, particulate matter levels in the exposure sets did not decrease to the background levels in the control set even at the night.
The residents in the exposure set obviously suffered higher metal levels of outdoor particulate matters than those in the control set. The metal loading in the indoor dusts decreased with the distances from the roadways. Similarly, the metal concentrations in the urine of residents in the control set were significantly. Because there was not any stationary sources for the metal emissions, the transportation of dump trucks was possible response for the metal emissions. The major source of both element and organic carbon for this area was the exhaust of dump trucks.
The model simulated results of ISC-ST3 showed the high concentrations of particulate matter located in the east-northern side of the roads. If the traffic volume did not count the dump trucks, the simulated particulate matter concentrations by ISC-ST3 significantly reduced comparing to the traffic volume containing dump trucks. Above 85% of particulate matters were contributed by the dump trucks.
After adjusting the confounding factors, the results for residents’ cardiovascular, respiratory, and kidney function measurements indicated that the residents had poorer respiratory functions and higher systolic blood pressure. Multivariate regression was also employed to the evaluate the relationships between respiratory, and kidney function. After adjusting the confounding factors, the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased with the blood aluminum levels. The heat-beat, N—acetylglucosamindase, retinol binding protein were also increase with the blood zinc levels. The systolic blood pressure significantly correlated with urinal arsenic levels. The cardiopulmonary and kidney functions may be altered by the metal concentrations in exposed populations. Because the sample size of the population in the study, the results obtained from this study was not confirmed. Further investigation is necessary to assess the long-term influences of transportation of dump trucks on resident’s health. It suggests that some protective measurements should be taken to protect the public health in this area.
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