環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	10216
經費年度	102
計畫經費	13,000 千元
專案開始日期	2013/09/01
專案結束日期	2014/12/31
專案主持人	詹長權教授
主辦單位	雲林縣環境保護局
承辦人	雲林縣衛生局行政科-陳詩予小姐
執行單位	國立臺灣大學
專案分類	大氣空氣、環境衛生、環境監測及檢測
中文關鍵字	石化工業、流行病學、空氣汙染、癌症、生物指標
英文關鍵字	Petrochemical Industry, Epidemiology, Air Pollution, Cancer, Biomarker
協同主持人	蔡政憲醫師；陳永銘副教授；陳崇裕醫師
共同主持人	王崇禮教授
計畫聯絡人	袁子軒專案計畫助理教授
計畫聯絡電話	02-33668082#
計畫聯絡信箱	r722omih@gmail.com

中文摘要	雲林縣政府為了解座落在台灣雲林縣麥寮鄉的六輕工業區對於其周遭環境之空氣汙染與居民健康的影響，自民國98年起委託國立台灣大學連續五年執行「沿海地區空氣汙染物及環境健康世代研究計畫」。今年度為了進一步建立永續之雲林縣環境流行病學世代的追蹤與擴大機制，以瞭解當地居民更完整之環境暴露與健康狀況，雲林縣衛生局委託國立台灣大學執行「102年度雲林縣沿海地區環境流行病學研究計畫」。本計畫之研究區域為六輕工業區周遭的10個鄉鎮，包括麥寮鄉、台西鄉、褒忠鄉、四湖鄉、東勢鄉、崙背鄉、二崙鄉、莿桐鄉、元長鄉與虎尾鎮。根據距離六輕工業區之遠近，本研究將10個鄉鎮分為距離六輕10公里內之麥寮鄉與臺西鄉為A區，以及距離六輕10到20公里之四湖鄉、東勢鄉、崙背鄉與褒忠鄉為B區，還有距離六輕20到30公里之虎尾鎮、二崙鄉、莿桐鄉及元長鄉為C區。本研究採用跨領域之方法來執行此計畫，工作內容包含流行病學世代調查、生物指標分析與環境汙染物量測。在流行病學世代調查部分，本團隊針對過去2009-2011年已建立之流病世代3,230居民，分析在六輕營運後(1999-2010年)之全癌症發生率(ICD-9:140-165, 170-176, 179-208)。並分析其中1,755人的尿中四種重金屬(鉻、銅、汞、鉈)與341人的1-羥基芘(1-OHP)。同時也完成其中246人之追蹤調查。另外，從其中選出尿中釩與1-OHP平均濃度差距二十倍以上之極高與極低暴露族群進行血中代謝體學之分析，以及尿中釩與1-OHP平均濃度差距四倍以上之高、低暴露孩童族群進行尿中環境毒化物之分析。在高敏感世代的部分，今年度已收取103名新個案，其中包含57名孕婦及46名新生兒，並追蹤滿1歲嬰幼兒63位、滿2歲嬰幼兒30位及滿3歲嬰幼兒8位，進行問卷調查與生物檢體留存。在環境汙染物量測部分，本團隊利用1996-2013年台西、崙背與斗六測站資料，來剖析六輕運轉前後對週遭鄉鎮空氣汙染物濃度的影響情形。並利用2009-2013年台西光化測站與麥寮光化監測移動車的資料，來了解近年來鄰近六輕工業區之鄉鎮所受揮發性有機物(VOCs)的暴露程度為何。此外也針對A區完成了2013年9月至2014年8月三季總共85個點位的空氣採樣，評估懸浮微粒(PM10)中重金屬、細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)中多環芳香烴(PAHs)、揮發性有機氣體(VOCs)及二氧化硫(SO2)與氮氧化物(NO2、NOX)之空間分布。另外，也量測170位流病世代居民之飲用水重金屬濃度。在2009-2011年建立的3,230人流病世代中，A區在收案時已年滿35歲以上之居民在六輕運轉後十至十二年(2008-2010年)的每千人年全癌症粗發生率是六輕開始運轉後九年(1999-2007年)的2.82倍，在35歲以上的女性居民則是3.54倍，而在35歲以上沒抽菸、吃檳榔與C肝之女性居民更高達9.04倍;而居住在C區35歲以上之居民在2008-2010年的每千人年全癌症粗發生率是1999-2007年的2.04倍，在35歲以上的女性居民則是1.70倍，而在35歲以上沒抽菸、吃檳榔與C肝之女性居民是1.91倍。在控制了年紀、性別、身體質量指數、是否曾經抽菸、是否有C型肝炎與是否曾在六輕工作等相關干擾因子後，從卜瓦松回歸分析發現到A區35歲以上女性居民其2008-2010年的每千人年全癌症發生率是C區居民的1.60倍(95% CI 1.07-2.39)，而在60歲以上居民為1.55倍(95% CI 1.00-2.38)，在60歲以上女性居民則更高達2.17倍(95% CI 1.16-4.08)。在居民的生物指標方面，綜合今年與歷年的檢測結果本研究發現雲林流病世代中35歲以上A區居民的尿中鍶、釩、砷、鉛、汞、鉈與1-OHP濃度顯著高於C區居民。而在有尿中極高濃度釩與1-OHP之極高暴露流病世代居民與對照之極低暴露流病世代居民相比，在脂質、胺基酸、碳水化合物代謝之中間產物以及糖蛋白代謝物的表現上有著明顯之差異性。在環境污染方面，六輕營運後，當A區之台西測站位於六輕之下風處(西北風)時，其SO2濃度逐年上升0.33 ppb，NO2濃度逐年上升0.11 ppb，皆較其他風向高; 當B區之崙背測站位於六輕之下風處(西風)時，其SO2濃度也逐年上升0.11 ppb。而由台西光化測站的資料可發現苯與石化業常有的乙烯、丙烯其高濃度風向皆是來自六輕方向。而從空間採樣結果可發現冬季空氣中的氮氧化物、二氧化硫、多環芳香烴與重金屬濃度高於夏季。冬季時，在A區位在六輕工業區下風處之台西鄉空氣中的氮氧化物與二氧化硫明顯高於位在上風處之麥寮鄉；夏季時，因季節風向轉換則是位在上風處之麥寮鄉高於下風處之台西鄉。石化製程相關的揮發性有機物監測結果，在A區則是麥寮鄉之監測濃度大於台西鄉。本研究初步結論為，六輕營運後鄰近六輕的台西與麥寮兩鄉與距離六輕較遠之虎尾鎮、二崙鄉、莿桐鄉及元長鄉四鄉鎮相比較，空氣品質有顯著惡化，居民尿中釩、鍶、砷、鉛、汞、鉈與1-OHP濃度有顯著增加，居民的全癌症發生率有顯著上升。
中文關鍵字	石化工業、流行病學、空氣汙染、癌症、生物指標

中文摘要

雲林縣政府為了解座落在台灣雲林縣麥寮鄉的六輕工業區對於其周遭環境之空氣汙染與居民健康的影響，自民國98年起委託國立台灣大學連續五年執行「沿海地區空氣汙染物及環境健康世代研究計畫」。今年度為了進一步建立永續之雲林縣環境流行病學世代的追蹤與擴大機制，以瞭解當地居民更完整之環境暴露與健康狀況，雲林縣衛生局委託國立台灣大學執行「102年度雲林縣沿海地區環境流行病學研究計畫」。本計畫之研究區域為六輕工業區周遭的10個鄉鎮，包括麥寮鄉、台西鄉、褒忠鄉、四湖鄉、東勢鄉、崙背鄉、二崙鄉、莿桐鄉、元長鄉與虎尾鎮。根據距離六輕工業區之遠近，本研究將10個鄉鎮分為距離六輕10公里內之麥寮鄉與臺西鄉為A區，以及距離六輕10到20公里之四湖鄉、東勢鄉、崙背鄉與褒忠鄉為B區，還有距離六輕20到30公里之虎尾鎮、二崙鄉、莿桐鄉及元長鄉為C區。本研究採用跨領域之方法來執行此計畫，工作內容包含流行病學世代調查、生物指標分析與環境汙染物量測。在流行病學世代調查部分，本團隊針對過去2009-2011年已建立之流病世代3,230居民，分析在六輕營運後(1999-2010年)之全癌症發生率(ICD-9:140-165, 170-176, 179-208)。並分析其中1,755人的尿中四種重金屬(鉻、銅、汞、鉈)與341人的1-羥基芘(1-OHP)。同時也完成其中246人之追蹤調查。另外，從其中選出尿中釩與1-OHP平均濃度差距二十倍以上之極高與極低暴露族群進行血中代謝體學之分析，以及尿中釩與1-OHP平均濃度差距四倍以上之高、低暴露孩童族群進行尿中環境毒化物之分析。在高敏感世代的部分，今年度已收取103名新個案，其中包含57名孕婦及46名新生兒，並追蹤滿1歲嬰幼兒63位、滿2歲嬰幼兒30位及滿3歲嬰幼兒8位，進行問卷調查與生物檢體留存。在環境汙染物量測部分，本團隊利用1996-2013年台西、崙背與斗六測站資料，來剖析六輕運轉前後對週遭鄉鎮空氣汙染物濃度的影響情形。並利用2009-2013年台西光化測站與麥寮光化監測移動車的資料，來了解近年來鄰近六輕工業區之鄉鎮所受揮發性有機物(VOCs)的暴露程度為何。此外也針對A區完成了2013年9月至2014年8月三季總共85個點位的空氣採樣，評估懸浮微粒(PM10)中重金屬、細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)中多環芳香烴(PAHs)、揮發性有機氣體(VOCs)及二氧化硫(SO2)與氮氧化物(NO2、NOX)之空間分布。另外，也量測170位流病世代居民之飲用水重金屬濃度。在2009-2011年建立的3,230人流病世代中，A區在收案時已年滿35歲以上之居民在六輕運轉後十至十二年(2008-2010年)的每千人年全癌症粗發生率是六輕開始運轉後九年(1999-2007年)的2.82倍，在35歲以上的女性居民則是3.54倍，而在35歲以上沒抽菸、吃檳榔與C肝之女性居民更高達9.04倍;而居住在C區35歲以上之居民在2008-2010年的每千人年全癌症粗發生率是1999-2007年的2.04倍，在35歲以上的女性居民則是1.70倍，而在35歲以上沒抽菸、吃檳榔與C肝之女性居民是1.91倍。在控制了年紀、性別、身體質量指數、是否曾經抽菸、是否有C型肝炎與是否曾在六輕工作等相關干擾因子後，從卜瓦松回歸分析發現到A區35歲以上女性居民其2008-2010年的每千人年全癌症發生率是C區居民的1.60倍(95% CI 1.07-2.39)，而在60歲以上居民為1.55倍(95% CI 1.00-2.38)，在60歲以上女性居民則更高達2.17倍(95% CI 1.16-4.08)。在居民的生物指標方面，綜合今年與歷年的檢測結果本研究發現雲林流病世代中35歲以上A區居民的尿中鍶、釩、砷、鉛、汞、鉈與1-OHP濃度顯著高於C區居民。而在有尿中極高濃度釩與1-OHP之極高暴露流病世代居民與對照之極低暴露流病世代居民相比，在脂質、胺基酸、碳水化合物代謝之中間產物以及糖蛋白代謝物的表現上有著明顯之差異性。在環境污染方面，六輕營運後，當A區之台西測站位於六輕之下風處(西北風)時，其SO2濃度逐年上升0.33 ppb，NO2濃度逐年上升0.11 ppb，皆較其他風向高; 當B區之崙背測站位於六輕之下風處(西風)時，其SO2濃度也逐年上升0.11 ppb。而由台西光化測站的資料可發現苯與石化業常有的乙烯、丙烯其高濃度風向皆是來自六輕方向。而從空間採樣結果可發現冬季空氣中的氮氧化物、二氧化硫、多環芳香烴與重金屬濃度高於夏季。冬季時，在A區位在六輕工業區下風處之台西鄉空氣中的氮氧化物與二氧化硫明顯高於位在上風處之麥寮鄉；夏季時，因季節風向轉換則是位在上風處之麥寮鄉高於下風處之台西鄉。石化製程相關的揮發性有機物監測結果，在A區則是麥寮鄉之監測濃度大於台西鄉。本研究初步結論為，六輕營運後鄰近六輕的台西與麥寮兩鄉與距離六輕較遠之虎尾鎮、二崙鄉、莿桐鄉及元長鄉四鄉鎮相比較，空氣品質有顯著惡化，居民尿中釩、鍶、砷、鉛、汞、鉈與1-OHP濃度有顯著增加，居民的全癌症發生率有顯著上升。

中文關鍵字

石化工業、流行病學、空氣汙染、癌症、生物指標

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	102016.pdf	9MB		2016/6/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	The Yunlin County Government has contracted National Taiwan University (NTU) to conduct a cohort study on air pollution and health among residents near the No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex, which is located in Miliao Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan since 2009. In this year, Public Health Bureau of Yunlin County contracted NTU to conduct a sustainable environmental epidedmiological cohort study to clarify the comprehansive environmental exposure and health status of residents in Yunlin County. The study areas are 10 townships surrounding the petrochemical complex, including Baojhong, Taisi, Sihhu, Dongshih, Mailiao, Lunbei, Erlun, Citong, Yuanchang and Huwei. These townships are classified as three zones based on their distance to the petrochemical complex. Zone A includes Mailiao and Taisi which are within 10km radius of the petrochemical complex; Zone B includes Baojhong, Sihhu, Dongshih and Lunbei, townships which are located 10-20km radius of the petrochemical complex; and Zone C includes Erlun, Citong, Yuanchang and Huwei townships which are located within 20-30km radius from the petrochemical complex. The NTU research team adopted a multiple-disciplinary approach to conduct this study, including epidemiological cohort study, biomarker analysis, and environmental pollutant monitoring. For the established epidemiological cohort with a total of 3,230 residents, we analyzed all cancer incidence rate (ICD-9:140-165, 170-176, 179-208) after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex (1999-2010), and analyzed biological monitoring of 1,755 residents’ urinary Cr, Cu, Hg, and Tl levels and 341 residents’ urinary 1-hydroxypyren (1–OHP) levels, and conducted the follow-up survey for 246 residents. By selecting from the epidemiological cohort, we conducted the blood metabolomics analysis for extreme high and low exposure groups (with the differences of more than twenty-folds urinary V and 1-OHP levels), and analyzed urinary environmental toxic chemicals for high and low exposure children groups (with the differences of more than four-folds urinary V and 1-OHP levels). In this year, we recruited a susceptible cohort of 103 new subjects, including 57 pregnant women and 46 new-born babies, and followed up 63 1-year babies, 30 2-years babies, and 8 3-years babies to conduct questionnaire survey and biospecimen preservation. For environmental monitoring, we used the data of Taisi, Lunbei, and Douliou air monitoring station during 1996-2013 to investigate the changes of air pollutants concentrations befrore and after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex development, and analyzed the data of Taisi photochemical monitoring station and Mailiao photochemical monitoring mobiles to understand the No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex’ exposure impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Zone A. In addition, we evaluated the spatial distributions of PM10 samples for heavy metals, PM2.5 samples for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), SO2, NO2, and NOx for a total of 85 samples in Zone A in three seasons from September 2013 to August 2014. In the established epidemiological cohort of 3,230 residents during 2009-2011, the all cancer incidence rate (unit: 1,000 person year) of older than 35-year-old residents in Zone A during 2008-2010 was 2.82 times higher than that during 1999-2007, 3.54 times for older than 35-year-old female residents, and 9.04 times for older than 35-year-old female residents with no smoking, betel nut chewing, and hepatitis C. In Zone C, the times were 2.04, 1.70, and 1.91, respectively. After adjusting confounding factors, poisson regression analysis showed that the all cancer incidence rate of older than 35-year-old female residents in Zone A during 2008-2010 was 1.60 times higher than that in Zone C (95% CI 1.07-2.39), 1.55 times (95% CI 1.00-2.38) for older than 60-year-old residents, 2.17 times (95% CI 1.16-4.08) for older than 60-year-old female residents. For biomarkers, the combined results in these years showed that the urinary Sr, V, As, Pb, Hg, Tl, and 1-OHP levels of older than 35-year-old residents in Zone A were significantly higher than those in Zone C. And, the significant different intensity on the metabolites of lipid, amino acid, intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, and glycoprotein were found between the residents of extremely high exposure group with extremely high levels of urinary V and 1-OHP and the residents of matched extremely low exposure group. For environmental pollution, the SO2 concentration of Taisi air monitoring station in Zone A increased 0.33 ppb/year under the downwind direction of northwest after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex, 0.11 ppb/year for NO2. For the Lunbei air monitoring station in Zone B, the increase of SO2 was 0.11 ppb/year under the downwind direction of west after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex. The data of Taisi photochemical monitoring station found that the high concentrations of ethylene, propylene, and benzene were all from the direction of downwind of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex. And, the results of spatial sampling in Zone A showed that the concentrations of NOx, SO2, PAHs, and metals in winter were significantly higher than those in summer. In winter, the NOx and SO2 concentrations of the downwind area of Taisi township in Zone A were significantly higher than those in the upwind area of Mailiao township. In summer, it showed the reverse outcome because of the seasonal change of wind directions. Then, the petrochemical-related VOCs concentrations in Mailiao township were significantly higher than those in Taisi township in Zone A. In the preliminary conclusion, we found the worse air quality, the increased urinary Sr, V, As, Pb, Hg, Tl, and 1-OHP levels, and the elevated all cancer incidence rate of residents in Mailiao and Taisi townships when compared to those in Erlun, Citong, Yuanchang, and Huwei townships after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex.
英文關鍵字	Petrochemical Industry, Epidemiology, Air Pollution, Cancer, Biomarker

摘要

The Yunlin County Government has contracted National Taiwan University (NTU) to conduct a cohort study on air pollution and health among residents near the No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex, which is located in Miliao Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan since 2009. In this year, Public Health Bureau of Yunlin County contracted NTU to conduct a sustainable environmental epidedmiological cohort study to clarify the comprehansive environmental exposure and health status of residents in Yunlin County. The study areas are 10 townships surrounding the petrochemical complex, including Baojhong, Taisi, Sihhu, Dongshih, Mailiao, Lunbei, Erlun, Citong, Yuanchang and Huwei. These townships are classified as three zones based on their distance to the petrochemical complex. Zone A includes Mailiao and Taisi which are within 10km radius of the petrochemical complex; Zone B includes Baojhong, Sihhu, Dongshih and Lunbei, townships which are located 10-20km radius of the petrochemical complex; and Zone C includes Erlun, Citong, Yuanchang and Huwei townships which are located within 20-30km radius from the petrochemical complex. The NTU research team adopted a multiple-disciplinary approach to conduct this study, including epidemiological cohort study, biomarker analysis, and environmental pollutant monitoring. For the established epidemiological cohort with a total of 3,230 residents, we analyzed all cancer incidence rate (ICD-9:140-165, 170-176, 179-208) after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex (1999-2010), and analyzed biological monitoring of 1,755 residents’ urinary Cr, Cu, Hg, and Tl levels and 341 residents’ urinary 1-hydroxypyren (1–OHP) levels, and conducted the follow-up survey for 246 residents. By selecting from the epidemiological cohort, we conducted the blood metabolomics analysis for extreme high and low exposure groups (with the differences of more than twenty-folds urinary V and 1-OHP levels), and analyzed urinary environmental toxic chemicals for high and low exposure children groups (with the differences of more than four-folds urinary V and 1-OHP levels). In this year, we recruited a susceptible cohort of 103 new subjects, including 57 pregnant women and 46 new-born babies, and followed up 63 1-year babies, 30 2-years babies, and 8 3-years babies to conduct questionnaire survey and biospecimen preservation. For environmental monitoring, we used the data of Taisi, Lunbei, and Douliou air monitoring station during 1996-2013 to investigate the changes of air pollutants concentrations befrore and after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex development, and analyzed the data of Taisi photochemical monitoring station and Mailiao photochemical monitoring mobiles to understand the No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Complex’ exposure impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Zone A. In addition, we evaluated the spatial distributions of PM10 samples for heavy metals, PM2.5 samples for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), SO2, NO2, and NOx for a total of 85 samples in Zone A in three seasons from September 2013 to August 2014. In the established epidemiological cohort of 3,230 residents during 2009-2011, the all cancer incidence rate (unit: 1,000 person year) of older than 35-year-old residents in Zone A during 2008-2010 was 2.82 times higher than that during 1999-2007, 3.54 times for older than 35-year-old female residents, and 9.04 times for older than 35-year-old female residents with no smoking, betel nut chewing, and hepatitis C. In Zone C, the times were 2.04, 1.70, and 1.91, respectively. After adjusting confounding factors, poisson regression analysis showed that the all cancer incidence rate of older than 35-year-old female residents in Zone A during 2008-2010 was 1.60 times higher than that in Zone C (95% CI 1.07-2.39), 1.55 times (95% CI 1.00-2.38) for older than 60-year-old residents, 2.17 times (95% CI 1.16-4.08) for older than 60-year-old female residents. For biomarkers, the combined results in these years showed that the urinary Sr, V, As, Pb, Hg, Tl, and 1-OHP levels of older than 35-year-old residents in Zone A were significantly higher than those in Zone C. And, the significant different intensity on the metabolites of lipid, amino acid, intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, and glycoprotein were found between the residents of extremely high exposure group with extremely high levels of urinary V and 1-OHP and the residents of matched extremely low exposure group. For environmental pollution, the SO2 concentration of Taisi air monitoring station in Zone A increased 0.33 ppb/year under the downwind direction of northwest after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex, 0.11 ppb/year for NO2. For the Lunbei air monitoring station in Zone B, the increase of SO2 was 0.11 ppb/year under the downwind direction of west after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex. The data of Taisi photochemical monitoring station found that the high concentrations of ethylene, propylene, and benzene were all from the direction of downwind of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex. And, the results of spatial sampling in Zone A showed that the concentrations of NOx, SO2, PAHs, and metals in winter were significantly higher than those in summer. In winter, the NOx and SO2 concentrations of the downwind area of Taisi township in Zone A were significantly higher than those in the upwind area of Mailiao township. In summer, it showed the reverse outcome because of the seasonal change of wind directions. Then, the petrochemical-related VOCs concentrations in Mailiao township were significantly higher than those in Taisi township in Zone A. In the preliminary conclusion, we found the worse air quality, the increased urinary Sr, V, As, Pb, Hg, Tl, and 1-OHP levels, and the elevated all cancer incidence rate of residents in Mailiao and Taisi townships when compared to those in Erlun, Citong, Yuanchang, and Huwei townships after the operation of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex.

英文關鍵字

Petrochemical Industry, Epidemiology, Air Pollution, Cancer, Biomarker