1040634

104

4,800 千元

2015/08/07

2016/08/06

林聖倫

嘉義市政府環境保護局

李珮蓓

台灣氣膠研究學會

大氣空氣

PM2.5、化學成分、區域空氣品質、來源貢獻、移動監測平台

PM2.5, Chemical Composition, Area Air Quality, Source Contribution, Mobile Monitoring System

林聖倫

02-86858680#

cbmsgml@gmail.com

本年度計畫之主要目標係包含下列主要七個部分：文獻彙整、嘉義測站PM2.5檢測、民眾生活地點檢測、特定地區移動式PM2.5時間空間量測、本土指紋資料建立、排放貢獻模擬以及管制策略擬定等，工作成果條列如下： 1.104~105年嘉義市之PM2.5監測濃度僅4至10月低於日平均管制標準，仍高於年平均標準，105年於最高PM2.5濃度之1、2月份，月平均濃度較104年同期下降33.8及41.8%。 2.嘉義市104年PM2.5平均檢測濃度為30.5 μg/m3，僅次於雲林斗六測站，仍屬空氣中PM2.5濃度較需改善的地區。以自動監測濃度觀之，本市PM2.5濃度由94年之47.5 μg/m3下降至105年之35.0 μg/m3，削減26.3%。 3.本市PM2.5低濃度日數自94年127日上升至104年之253日，相對的高與非常高濃度日數則由134日顯著下降為24日，104年各季濃度71 μg/m3以上(紫爆)者共5日，105年1~4月紫爆日則有3日，其中3日受到偏西北風污染物有由北往南傳輸現象，4日屬於鄰近污染源擴散、近山累積及冬季低溫擴散不良現象所致，而有1日則因氣溫驟降，鹽類冷凝增量及大氣擴散不佳所致。 4.嘉義測站PM2.5背景調查 (1)秋季檢測屬季節風交替之濕潤天氣型態，PM2.5濃度介於16~40 μg/m3之間。成分以水溶性離子比例最高(58.4%)，其次為有機碳(12.0%)、無機碳(5.79%)及金屬(7.31%)。水溶性離子中以SO42-最多(61%)，NH4+ (19%)次之，NO3- (8%)第三。檢測期間I值1.56~1.9，J值0.7~0.9，顯示硫酸及硝酸根均未完全被陽離子中和。金屬元素主要為Na、K、Mg、Fe、Ca、Al及Zn，其中地殼元素佔總金屬成分逾90%。碳成分比例OC/EC介於1.99~2.16，二次有機碳佔總有機碳0.9~8.0%。受體模式結果，移動源排放(11.7~39.6%)，其次為衍生性硫酸鹽(14.5~35.1%)、石化業(0.0~27.3%)、煉鋼業(5.0~16.1%)有機碳(0.0~11.0%)及衍生性硝酸鹽(2.5~6.2%)。 (2)冬季檢測屬季節風交替之濕潤天氣型態，PM2.5濃度介於36~62 μg/m3之間。成分以水溶性離子比例最高(53.3%)，其次為有機碳(19.5%)、無機碳(9.20%)及金屬(4.15%)。水溶性離子中以NO3-最多(41%)，SO42-(29%)次之，NH4+(22%)第三。檢測期間I值2.92~5.48，J值0.9~1.0，顯示硫酸根已被中和，而硝酸根未被完全中和，故以硝酸鹽為管制重點。金屬元素主要為Na、K、Mg、Fe、Ca、Al及Zn，其中地殼元素佔總金屬成分逾90%。碳成分比例OC/EC介於1.92~2.29，二次有機碳佔總有機碳5.5~16.2%。受體模式結果，主要污染來源為衍生性硫酸鹽(11.8~25.6%)，其次衍生性硝酸鹽(11.0~25.5%)為移動源排放(18.3~20.4%)、有機碳(8.8~20.7%)、石化業(4.8~15.4%)及農廢燃燒(0.0~9.1%)。 (3)春季檢測屬季節風交替之濕潤天氣型態，PM2.5濃度介於21~71 μg/m3之間。成分以水溶性離子比例最高(63.9%)，其次為有機碳(12.8%)、無機碳(6.52%)及金屬(4.01%)。水溶性離子中以NO3-最多(44%)，SO42-(27%)次之，NH4+(24%)第三。檢測期間I值3.24~7.15，J值0.7~1.1，顯示硫酸根已被中和，而硝酸根未被完全中和，故以硝酸鹽為管制重點。金屬元素主要為Na、K、Mg、Fe、Al及Zn，其中地殼元素佔總金屬成分逾87.7%。碳成分比例OC/EC介於1.60~2.23，二次有機碳佔總有機碳17.2~28.2%。受體模式結果，移動源排放(27.0~35.1%)、其次為衍生性硝酸鹽(23.2~29.0%)、衍生性硫酸鹽(5.3~17.0%)、石化業(1.9~20.6%)、鋼鐵廠(0.0~12.2%)、有機碳(0.0~8.7%)，及農廢燃燒貢獻(0.0~11.4%)。 (4)夏季檢測屬季節風交替之濕潤天氣型態，PM2.5 濃度介於3~11μg/m3 之間。成分以水溶性離子比例最高(43.41%)，其次為金屬(15.2%)、有機碳(11.4%)及無機碳(5.51%)。水溶性離子中以SO42-最多(62%)，NH4+(19%)次之，NO3-(11%)第三。檢測期間I 值1.03~2.20，J 值0.45~0.88，顯示硫酸根及硝酸根未被完全中和，以硫酸根及硝酸鹽為管制重點。金屬元素主要為Na、K、Mg、Fe、Al 及Zn，其中地殼元素佔總金屬成分逾93.9%。碳成分比例OC/EC 介於1.85~2.17，二次有機碳佔總有機碳6.2~14.6%。受體模式結果， 衍生性硫酸鹽(10.9~32.7%)、其次為移動源排放 (11.5~32.6%)、土壤揚塵(8.0~15.6%)、海鹽飛沫(5.3~12.8%)、有機碳(3.4~11.5%)、衍生性硝酸鹽(3.5~6.7%)、鋼鐵廠(1.3~5.6%)，及石化業(2.4~4.2%)。 5.僑平國小家長接送區進行怠速熄火管制前背景濃度分布結果： (1)僑平國小管制前上風處(32.9 μg/m3)及校內(32.0 μg/m3)之濃度差異不大；管制後上風(25.5 μg/m3)與校內(25.8 μg/m3)濃度差異亦不顯著，因採樣時間長導致尖峰濃度受到稀釋。 (2)受體模式結果，管制前校內移動源貢獻較上風處高5.5%，管制後校園內移動源貢獻反低於上風處4.9%，有改善情形。 (3)移動監測結果顯示，上學時段之PM2.5質量濃度、數目濃度、PAHs及碳黑均顯著高於放學時段。而比較怠速熄火管制前後，校內暴露區之PM2.5質量濃度及細微粒數目濃度均顯著降低。 (4)空間熱區分布圖顯示，PM2.5高濃度出現在家長接送區，遠高於日平均標準及同日嘉義測站監測濃度，顯示小區域原生性排放遠較背景空品不良對民眾暴露影響更顯著。尖峰時刻校門口接送區最高數目濃度可達40,000 #/cm3。 6.崇文國小家長接送區進行怠速熄火管制前背景濃度分布結果： (1)崇文國小管制前上風處(47 μg/m3)及校內(49 μg/m3)之濃度差異不大；管制後上風(44 μg/m3)與校內(45 μg/m3)濃度差異亦不顯著，因採樣時間長導致尖峰濃度受到稀釋。 (2)受體模式結果，管制前校內移動源貢獻較上風處高6.6%，管制後校園內移動源貢獻反低於上風處9.8%，有改善情形。 (3)移動監測結果顯示，怠速熄火管制前後，校內暴露區之PM2.5質量濃度及細微粒數目濃度均顯著降低。 (4)空間熱區分布圖顯示，PM2.5高濃度出現在家長接送區，質量濃度可達80 μg/m3，遠高於日平均標準及同日嘉義測站監測濃度。同時尖峰時刻校門口接送區最高數目濃度可達60,000 #/cm3，管制後則可下降至20,000 #/cm3。 7.東市場平日與假日熱區濃度調查結果： (1)於高濃度季節，上風處與市場內暴露區的差異明顯，平日市場內(44.0~48.6 μg/m3)約較上風(33.5~43.9 μg/m3)處高出11~31%；假日之採樣日可明顯發現，PM2.5濃度大幅增加至66.4 μg/m3，亦明顯高出上風處背景濃度(59.0 μg/m3)約13%。 (2)於低濃度季節，上風處與市場內暴露區的差異明顯，平日市場內(14.0~18.0μg/m3)約較上風(10.0~11.0μg/m3)處高出40~68%；假日之採樣日可明顯發現，PM2.5 濃度大幅增加至20.0 μg/m3，亦明顯高出上風處背景濃度(12.0 μg/m3)約65%。 (3)東市場高濃度季節平日市場內之主要污染來源為移動源排放(38.2%~45.3%)，其次為衍生性硫酸鹽(12.0~22.0%)，假日主要污染來源為移動源排放(45.9%)，其次為衍生性硫酸鹽(18.6%)，東市場因為假日期間車輛較為頻繁，移動源貢獻率明顯高於平日狀況，此外東市場內交通源貢獻明顯高於上風處，亦為嘉義市建議著手管理以降低區域PM2.5濃度的對象。 (4)東市場低濃度季節平日市場內之主要污染來源為衍生性硫酸鹽 (20.8~29.3%)，其次為有機碳(9.17~30.0%)，假日主要污染來源為衍生性硫酸鹽(25.9%)，其次為移動源排放(12.2%)，東市場因為假日期間車輛較為頻繁，移動源貢獻率略高於平日狀況，此外東市場內交通源貢獻明顯高於上風處。 (5)移動監測結果顯示白天之PM2.5質量濃度可達181 μg/m3，數目濃度可達4.7x104 #/cm3，PAHs濃度及BC濃度可達168及4300 ng/m3，而下午時段前述四類濃度則分別平均為93 μg/m3、3.2x104 #/cm3、142及2800 ng/m3，明顯具有上午尖峰時刻高於下午情形，此現象乃因交通尖峰流量所造成之差異。 (6)空間熱區分布顯示，高濃度出現在攤販密集之共和路，低濃度則出現在上風處之民樂街，上午最高PM2.5濃度介於150~200 μg/m3、100,000 #/cm3，下午則介於50~150 μg/m3、25,000~50,000 #/cm3。於10月20日特殊高車流量尖峰情況下，東市場內道路PM2.5質量濃度普遍高於200 μg/m3及50,000 #/cm3。 8.客運轉運站怠速熄火管制試行區熱點背景調查： (1)怠速管制前、車班少日子，上風處採樣點與站內濃度分別為31.4及31.0 μg/m3差異不大；車班多的日子，站內濃度可達27.2 μg/m3，則顯著高於上風處測點之25.4 μg/m3，平均增量達7.1%，局部區域瞬間增量應更高。管制前PM2.5碳成分上風處低於車站內，顯示柴油車怠速碳排放影響。 (2)試行怠速立即熄火管制後，上風處及站內濃度差異無論於車次多或少時空氣中PM2.5濃度差異均變得不顯著，班次多時上風處51.2 μg/m3、站內50.7 μg/m3；班次少時上風處32.9 μg/m3、站內32.7 μg/m3。同時暴露區內PM2.5碳成分較上風處高的情況也獲得緩解，顯示此次試行停車立即熄火對於局部PM2.5減量略有成效。 (3)管制前站內主要移動源及衍生性氣膠貢獻率高於上風處，管制後反略低。若以班次多寡而言，管制前班次多所造成移動源貢獻率較高。 (4)移動監測結果顯示假日之懸浮微粒濃度確實較平日之懸浮微粒濃度來得高，且達統計學上顯著差異(p<0.001)，比較室內及室外懸浮微粒濃度變化，不論是懸浮微粒數目濃度、重量濃度或是碳黑，結果皆呈現室外濃度比室內高。 9.大型十字路口背景調查 (1)忠孝-林森路口：平日路口下風處(56.3 μg/m3)約較上風處(53.9 μg/m3)高出4.4%；假日路口下風處(54.2 μg/m3)約較上風處(51.3 μg/m3)高出5.8%。 (2)七彩噴水圓環：平日路口下風處(30 μg/m3)約較上風處(26 μg/m3)高出15.4%；假日路口下風處(23 μg/m3)約較上風處(21 μg/m3)高出9.5%。圓環測點所受到之交通源貢獻，平日較上風處高8.7%，假日則高8.2%，顯示民眾暴露於類似七彩噴水圓環之大型十字路口，所受到PM2.5健康影響可能較高。 10.嘉義市PM2.5排放係數及成分指紋建立 (1)嘉義市五大廟宇之拜香及金紙燃燒：金紙排放係數平均為1.312±0.11 g/kg (介於1.16~1.41 g/kg)，拜香則為2.66±1.18 g/kg (介於1.24~4.17 g/kg)，拜香排放係數較金紙之排放係數高，推斷可能是拜香焚燒溫度較低，且製作拜香過程可能有添加其他香料，可能增加PM2.5生成量。焚燒金紙實驗化學質量組成由高而低依序為OC>SO42->Cl->Zn>NO3-；而焚燒拜香實驗化學組成由高而低依序為OC>SO42->Cl->NO3->Zn>F->Cu。 (2)中式餐飲業煙道：排放係數為2.0~24.7 kg 年-1家-1 (平均12.1 kg 年-1家-1)，以成分組成觀之，均以總碳成分(TC)、有機碳(OC)及元素碳(EC)為最主要成分，分別佔質量濃度80.9~90.6%、5.2~10.6%、70.3~84.1%。金屬成分中以Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Fe、Mo等元素為主，這些元素常出現在膳食礦物質中，但總分析金屬成分僅貢獻0.3~3%油煙PM2.5質量濃度。水溶性離子成分佔總PM2.5質量濃度僅0.7~3.7%，以SO42-、NO3-、Cl-、NH4+及Na+為主。 11.本計畫以models-3/CMAQ空氣品質模式模擬分析雲林縣、嘉義市、嘉義縣及臺南市之點源、線源及面源對本市及雲林縣、嘉義縣與臺南市空氣中細懸浮微粒濃度之貢獻。雲林縣、嘉義縣、嘉義市與臺南市對嘉義市細懸浮微粒濃度之貢獻比例分別7.9%、16.9%、2.2%與2.6%，故四縣市中以嘉義縣對嘉義市細懸浮微粒濃度之貢獻比例最大。

PM2.5、化學成分、區域空氣品質、來源貢獻、移動監測平台

104年度嘉義市大氣中細懸浮微粒污染特性分析計畫_期末正式報告_2016.09.pdf

31MB

2016/11/1 上午 12:00:00

This project aims to the following seven main parts: Referenc reviewes, PM2.5 sampling and analysis at EPA Chiayi site, PM2.5 monmitoring around the place with heavily human activity, movable monitoring of special area for PM2.5 level-time or -sapce analysis, setup local PM2.5 fingerprint, source apportionment modeling, control strategy. 1. 104 to 105 years of PM2.5 concentration were between yeayly tand daily national standards during April to October during Jan 2015 to April 2016. In 2016, the January and February, with the highest PM2.5 levels, showed 33.8 and 41.8% reduction from the last year (2015) in the same period. 2. The manual measurement of atmospheric PM2.5 level shows an average 30.5 μg/m3, which is the second high level, among all EPA site during 2015. The improvement should be in progress. Meanwhile, the auto-monitoring annul average PM2.5 level is 27.0 μg/m3, which is obviously lower than the manual measurement levels. The real monitored level could be calculated by EPA calibration equation fro manual and auoto-measurments as 33.9 μg/m3, which is 28.5 and 14.4% lower than those in 2002 and 2014. 3. The days with low PM2.5 level increases from 127 in 2005 to 253 in 2015. On the other hand, the days with high PM2.5 levels decreases from 134 to 24. The atmospheric hazardous PM2.5 concentration (>71 μg/m3) were resulted from the inter-regine transfer by north wind and emission source local deffusion. 4. Chiayi Site Monitoring and Analysis (1) Autumn was in a unstable meteorologically changing (wind directions) and wet season. PM2.5 level ranged 16-40 μg/m3, while PM2.5/PM10 are 34.9-59.1%. The most dominat group was water-soluble ions (58.4%), the second was organic carbonates (12.0%), and was followes by elemental carbonates (5.8%), metals (7.3%), and other components (16.5%). Among the charateristics of water-soluble ions in PM2.5, SOR vatue was 0.42-0.71, when NOR ragnged 0.023-0.089. This result indicated that the secondary sulfate dominated the autumn atmospheric PM2.5, when the nitrate is not much effective. This might be caused by the higher temperature could inhibit the condensation transformation form NOx to nitrate. Additionally, I and J value were 1.56-1.9 and 0.7-0.9, revealing a incomplete neutralization condition. The metals stood for 4.5-11.4% mass of PM2.5, while ther were mainly composed of Na (31.1-52.8%), K (13.5-29.6%, Mg (11.3-13.1%), Fe (4.4-11.6%), Ca (6.2-7.7%), Al (4.1-7.1%), and Zn (2.1-3.7%). Total crustal elements dominated more than 90% mass of PM2.5 metal components, when Na could be mainly come from sea spray and K could be from open burning. EC/OC were ranged from 1.99 to 2.16 ,when the secondary organic carbon represented 0~8% PM2.5 mass in autumn. CMB results showed that the contributions of each sources were as follows: mobile source was 11.7-39.6%, secondary sulfate was 13.6-16.2%, petrochemical industry was 11.2-14.8%, soil dust was 7.4~11.1%, when secondary nitrate 7.08-11.95%. (2) Winter was a season with dry and north wind condition. PM2.5 level ranged 16-40 μg/m3, while PM2.5/PM10 are 34.9-59.1%. The most dominat group was water-soluble ions (58.4%), the second was organic carbonates (12.0%), and was followes by elemental carbonates (5.8%), metals (7.3%), and other components (16.5%). Among the charateristics of water-soluble ions in PM2.5, SOR vatue was 0.42-0.71, when NOR ragnged 0.023-0.089. This result indicated that the secondary sulfate dominated the autumn atmospheric PM2.5, when the nitrate is not much effective. This might be caused by the higher temperature could inhibit the condensation transformation form NOx to nitrate. Additionally, I and J value were 1.56-1.9 and 0.7-0.9, revealing a incomplete neutralization condition. The metals stood for 4.5-11.4% mass of PM2.5, while ther were mainly composed of Na (31.1-52.8%), K (13.5-29.6%, Mg (11.3-13.1%), Fe (4.4-11.6%), Ca (6.2-7.7%), Al (4.1-7.1%), and Zn (2.1-3.7%). Total crustal elements dominated more than 90% mass of PM2.5 metal components, when Na could be mainly come from sea spray and K could be from open burning. EC/OC were ranged from 1.99 to 2.16 ,when the secondary organic carbon represented 0~8% PM2.5 mass in autumn. CMB results showed that the contributions of each sources were as follows: mobile source was 11.7-39.6%, secondary sulfate was 13.6-16.2%, petrochemical industry was 11.2-14.8%, soil dust was 7.4~11.1%, when secondary nitrate 7.08-11.95%. (3) Spring was in a unstable meteorologically changing (wind directions) and wet season. PM2.5 level ranged 16-40 μg/m3, while PM2.5/PM10 are 34.9-59.1%. The most dominat group was water-soluble ions (58.4%), the second was organic carbonates (12.0%), and was followes by elemental carbonates (5.8%), metals (7.3%), and other components (16.5%). Among the charateristics of water-soluble ions in PM2.5, SOR vatue was 0.42-0.71, when NOR ragnged 0.023-0.089. This result indicated that the secondary sulfate dominated the autumn atmospheric PM2.5, when the nitrate is not much effective. This might be caused by the higher temperature could inhibit the condensation transformation form NOx to nitrate. Additionally, I and J value were 1.56-1.9 and 0.7-0.9, revealing a incomplete neutralization condition. The metals stood for 4.5-11.4% mass of PM2.5, while ther were mainly composed of Na (31.1-52.8%), K (13.5-29.6%, Mg (11.3-13.1%), Fe (4.4-11.6%), Ca (6.2-7.7%), Al (4.1-7.1%), and Zn (2.1-3.7%). Total crustal elements dominated more than 90% mass of PM2.5 metal components, when Na could be mainly come from sea spray and K could be from open burning. EC/OC were ranged from 1.99 to 2.16 ,when the secondary organic carbon represented 0~8% PM2.5 mass in autumn. CMB results showed that the contributions of each sources were as follows: mobile source was 11.7-39.6%, secondary sulfate was 13.6-16.2%, petrochemical industry was 11.2-14.8%, soil dust was 7.4~11.1%, when secondary nitrate 7.08-11.95%. 5. PM2.5 responses of idling shut down of mobile engine at the student picked-up zone of Chiao-ping elementary school (1) The differences of PM2.5 levels between the site at upwind direction and in campus were not obviously, this might be caused by the dilution of 24-hour sampling to the rush hours. (2) CMB results showed that the domination of mobile shourde were higher in campus than in upwind site, and further reduced by idling shut down control. (3) Rush hour in moring had higher PM2.5 mass concentration (~144 μg/m3), number concentrations (2.17x104 #/cm3), PAHs (21.3 ng/m3), and BC (5,230 ng/m3) than that in the afternoon rush. (4) PM2.5 space distribution anlysisindicated that the hot regine located at the student picked-up zone (150-200 μg/m3), which were much higher than the 24h-standard and the record of Chiayi site (28 μg/m3) on the same day. Additionally, the number concentration could increased to 30,000 #/cm3 at that regine. 6. PM2.5 responses of idling shut down of mobile engine at the student picked-up zone of Chun-wen elementary school (1) The differences of PM2.5 levels between the site at upwind direction and in campus were not obviously, this might be caused by the dilution of 24-hour sampling to the rush hours. (2) CMB results showed that the domination of mobile shourde were higher in campus than in upwind site, and further reduced by idling shut down control. (3) Rush hour in moring had higher PM2.5 mass concentration (~144 μg/m3), number concentrations (2.17x104 #/cm3), PAHs (21.3 ng/m3), and BC (5,230 ng/m3) than that in the afternoon rush. (4) PM2.5 space distribution anlysisindicated that the hot regine located at the student picked-up zone (150-200 μg/m3), which were much higher than the 24h-standard and the record of Chiayi site (28 μg/m3) on the same day. Additionally, the number concentration could increased to 30,000 #/cm3 at that regine. 7. East Marcket PM2.5 hot regine analysis (1) The differences in the windward and exposed areas of the market were significant. On weekdays, PM2.5 in the market (44.0-48.6 μg/m3) was 11-31% higher thanthe upwind site (33.5-43.9 μg/m3). During holidays a substantial increase in PM2.5 concentration to 66.4 μg/m3. (2) Receptor model simulations show that high concentrations East market season weekday major pollution sources within the market for mobile source emissions (38.2%-45.3%), followed by sulfate derivative (12.0-22.0%), the main holiday of pollution source for mobile source emissions (45.9%), followed by sulfate derivative (18.6%), the East market because during the holidays more frequent vehicle , mobile source contribution rate was significantly higher than usual conditions, in addition within the East source markets contributed significantly to higher transportation upwind, Chiayi City also proposes to begin the management to reduce PM2.5 concentrations of silt zone objects . (3) Mobile PM2.5 monitoring results show up the day of the mass concentration of 181 μg/m3, the number of concentrations of up to 4.7x104 #/cm3, PAHs concentration and concentrations of up to 168 BC and 4300 ng/m3, while the afternoon session of the preceding four categories of concentrations respectively, an average of 93 μg/m3, 3.2x104 #/cm3, 142 and 2800 ng/m3, significantly higher than in the afternoon with a morning rush hour scenario, this phenomenon was due to differences in traffic flow caused by the spikes. (4) Spatial distribution of the hot zone shows high concentrations of sections appear in the Republican Road vendors intensive , low concentrations present in the Lok Street upwind am the highest PM2.5 concentrations ranging from 150-200 μg/m3,100,000 #/cm3 afternoon were generally between 50 ~ 150 μg / m3,25,000 ~ 50,000 #/cm3. At October 20 special high traffic spikes , the market in the east of PM2.5 road is generally higher than 200 μg/m3 and 50,000 #/cm3. 8. Idling-stop control effect at hot regine in bus union station (1) Before idling control, car classes less days upwind of the sampling point and the station concentrations were 31.4 and 31.0 μg/m3 little difference; car classes and more day, the station concentration of up to 27.2 μg/m3, is significantly high at the measuring point upwind of 25.4 μg/m3, the average increment of 7.1% in local area instantly increment should be higher. Control before PM2.5 carbon component upwind lower than the station, showing the effect of diesel idling emissions. (2) After the trial immediately turn off idling control, concentration difference and upwind of the station came from the air, whether the multi-trips or PM2.5 average concentration difference becomes significant, long shifts upwind 51.2 μg/m3, the station 50.7 μg/m3; shift came from upwind 32.9 μg/m3, the station 32.7 μg/m3. While exposing the region PM2.5 carbon content higher upwind situation remission, immediately turn off the display of this pilot parking for local PM2.5 slight performance reduction. (3) receptor model results show, an overview, the former major mobile source control station and derivatives aerosol contribution higher than upwind, slightly lower after anti-regulation. In terms of the amount of shift, the shift control of the former multi-source movement caused by higher contribution rates. (4) Mobile Monitoring results show aerosol concentrations Holiday is indeed higher than usual concentration of suspended particles is more high, and up to a significant difference (p <0.001) statistically compare indoor and outdoor concentrations of suspended particles change, regardless of the number of suspended particulate concentration weight concentration or carbon black, the results are showing higher than the indoor outdoor concentration. 9. Analyses of PM2.5 levels in the crossections 10. The plan to use the five temples of worship Chiayi incense and paper money were incinerated and the combustion chamber to establish its PM2.5 emission factors and composition fingerprints: (1) Gold paper discharge coefficient averaged 1.312±0.11 g/kg (between 1.16-1.41 g/kg), thanks to the incense was 2.66±1.18 g/kg (between 1.24-4.17 g/kg), thanks to the fragrant emissions coefficient higher emission coefficient gold paper, the inference may be thanks to the low temperature burning of incense, incense and worship production process may have to add other spices, may increase the amount of PM2.5 generated. (2) PM2.5 ingredient fingerprint establish results are detailed 5.7 after worship gold paper and incense burning, burning gold paper chemistry experiment consists of high quality and low were as follows OC> SO42-> Cl-> Zn> NO3-; and burning incense worship chemical experiment consists of high and low were as follows OC> SO42-> Cl-> NO3-> Zn> F-> Cu. 11. In this project simulation models-3/CMAQ air quality model analysis point source Yunlin County, Chiayi City, Chiayi County and Tainan City , the line source and point source on the city and Yunlin County, Chiayi County and Tainan air contribution of PM2.5 concentrations. Yunlin County, Chiayi County, Chiayi and Tainan City's contribution to the concentration of fine particles suspended in Chiayi rates were 7.9%, 16.9%, 2.2% and 2.6%, so the four counties to Chiayi City, Chiayi County for fine aerosol concentrations the largest proportion of the contribution.

PM2.5, Chemical Composition, Area Air Quality, Source Contribution, Mobile Monitoring System