環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	EPA-94-Z102-02-101
經費年度	094
計畫經費	4,330 千元
專案開始日期	2005/02/15
專案結束日期	2005/12/31
專案主持人	江康鈺
主辦單位	環境督察總隊
承辦人
執行單位	逢甲大學環境工程與科學系
專案分類	化學物質管理
中文關鍵字	垃圾採樣,三成分分析,元素分析,發熱量
英文關鍵字	Refuse sampling ,proximate analysis ,ultimate analysis,energy content
協同主持人	童翔新,林哲彥,黃東池,李燊銘
共同主持人	無
計畫聯絡人	江康鈺
計畫聯絡電話	0424517250-5216
計畫聯絡信箱	kychiang@fcu.edu.tw

中文摘要	垃圾組成採樣及分析工作對於垃圾適當之管理極為重要，尤其是垃圾組成受到季節、生活習慣、地理型態、人口及法規等因素之影響，同時上述因素之變動性亦將影響正確及具代表性之垃圾組成樣品。因此，本計畫將採集足夠之樣品數量進行分析，以確保本計畫之統計分析結果。有鑑於此，本計畫之主要目的包括(1)確定垃圾之組成比例；(2)分析垃圾之物理、化學及生物性質；(3)作為資源回收可行性之評估；(4)提供處理技術與設備設計之參考依據。本年度仍為延續性計畫，執行期限自民國94年2月起至94年12月止，台灣地區共計39個鄉鎮市為採樣地點，每季每鄉鎮市採集樣品一次，並分析其物理及化學性質，以及連續7天之社區及辦公大樓各3處之採樣分析工作。台灣地區過去十年來垃圾組成隨著生活型態、生活水準、以及包裝材料之變化而異。其中紙類佔垃圾組成中比例最多，比例約為38.82%；廚餘佔垃圾組成比例之第二位，其比例為26.4%。塑膠含量呈逐年降低之趨勢，本年度分析結果為19.51%，金屬與玻璃類含量分別佔垃圾組成之2%~5%，皮革橡膠類、纖維布類及木竹落葉類含量總和佔垃圾組成之7%；至於其他可燃物含量則僅佔垃圾組成之1%。廚餘中水份量約為70%，紙類中殘餘水分之含量亦較高，整體而言，垃圾中平均含水量為54.56%；由於垃圾中金屬、玻璃及其他無機成分含量較低，因此，可燃分佔垃圾之90%；垃圾中平均低位發熱量為1656.17 kcal/kg。根據長期垃圾採樣分析結果，有助於提供台灣地區垃圾性質分析之完善資料庫，同時本計畫結果亦可提供未來垃圾管理趨勢之重要參考依據。
中文關鍵字	垃圾採樣,三成分分析,元素分析,發熱量

中文摘要

垃圾組成採樣及分析工作對於垃圾適當之管理極為重要，尤其是垃圾組成受到季節、生活習慣、地理型態、人口及法規等因素之影響，同時上述因素之變動性亦將影響正確及具代表性之垃圾組成樣品。因此，本計畫將採集足夠之樣品數量進行分析，以確保本計畫之統計分析結果。有鑑於此，本計畫之主要目的包括(1)確定垃圾之組成比例；(2)分析垃圾之物理、化學及生物性質；(3)作為資源回收可行性之評估；(4)提供處理技術與設備設計之參考依據。本年度仍為延續性計畫，執行期限自民國94年2月起至94年12月止，台灣地區共計39個鄉鎮市為採樣地點，每季每鄉鎮市採集樣品一次，並分析其物理及化學性質，以及連續7天之社區及辦公大樓各3處之採樣分析工作。台灣地區過去十年來垃圾組成隨著生活型態、生活水準、以及包裝材料之變化而異。其中紙類佔垃圾組成中比例最多，比例約為38.82%；廚餘佔垃圾組成比例之第二位，其比例為26.4%。塑膠含量呈逐年降低之趨勢，本年度分析結果為19.51%，金屬與玻璃類含量分別佔垃圾組成之2%~5%，皮革橡膠類、纖維布類及木竹落葉類含量總和佔垃圾組成之7%；至於其他可燃物含量則僅佔垃圾組成之1%。廚餘中水份量約為70%，紙類中殘餘水分之含量亦較高，整體而言，垃圾中平均含水量為54.56%；由於垃圾中金屬、玻璃及其他無機成分含量較低，因此，可燃分佔垃圾之90%；垃圾中平均低位發熱量為1656.17 kcal/kg。根據長期垃圾採樣分析結果，有助於提供台灣地區垃圾性質分析之完善資料庫，同時本計畫結果亦可提供未來垃圾管理趨勢之重要參考依據。

中文關鍵字

垃圾採樣,三成分分析,元素分析,發熱量

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	全國垃圾採樣及樣品分析工作（94年度）.pdf	28MB	[期末報告]公開完整版	2006/3/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) composition established studies are important to the proper management of waste in municipalities and communities. The composition of generated waste is extremely varied due to seasonal, lifestyle, geographic, demographic, and legislative impacts. These variations make it difficult to obtain an accurate and representative waste composition sample. In order to ensure the statistical significance of project results, a sufficient number of samples must be sorted and a sufficiently large sample weight must be correctly collected for sorting. The objectives of this project were to (1) identify composition of component generation; (2) analyze physical, chemical, and biological properties of wastes; (3) estimate materials recovery potential for recycling; (4) aid in the design of processing equipment. To accomplish this objective, a composition and property project was designed and implemented continuously for Taiwan, from February 2005 to December 2005. This project was planned to sample 39 municipal solid waste (MSW) sources (municipalities) in Taiwan once a season for every source and to analyze the physical and chemical compositions of MSW samples. Meanwhile, this project was also planned to sample and analyze each 3 residential area and municipal service area (office buildings) in Tai-Chung city for 7 days. MSW composition in Taiwan has changed dramatically in the past 10 years, accompanying changing lifestyles, higher living standards, and, more recently, a sharp increase in consumer packaging. Paper products made up the largest component of MSW generated (38.82%), and food scraps comprised the second-largest component (26.40%). Plastics were also a major component in MSW. The average content of plastics was 19.51% of the total MSW in 2005. The results showed that the trend of variation in plastics was decreased in the past 10 years. Metals and glass each constituted between 2 and 5 percent of the total MSW. Wood and yard trimming, rubber, leather, and textiles combined made up about 7% of MSW. Other miscellaneous organic wastes made up approximately 1 percent of the MSW in 2005. The average moisture content of the food scraps fraction was about 70 %, the remaining moisture being mostly associated with paper. The overall average moisture content in the MSW was found to be 54.56%. The combustibles made up a 90% of the MSW on average due to the low content of metals, glass, and other inorganic components. The average lower heating value (LHV) is about 1656.17 Kcal/kg. The results also showed the variation over past five year of moisture content and LHV. Accordingly, it is apparent that the dependency of the LHV on moisture content. The results obtained on MSW composition and properties will be useful in optimizing MSW collection, transformation, and disposal strategies and in studying the feasibility of introducing waste recycling ventures in the municipality of Taiwan. Based on observations during the Taiwan waste composition analysis project, it was concluded that a well-established database of MSW using the results of long-term sampling and analysis projects could reduce bias in results. This project also provided important information regarding consideration of trend in MSW management.
英文關鍵字	Refuse sampling ,proximate analysis ,ultimate analysis,energy content

摘要

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) composition established studies are important to the proper management of waste in municipalities and communities. The composition of generated waste is extremely varied due to seasonal, lifestyle, geographic, demographic, and legislative impacts. These variations make it difficult to obtain an accurate and representative waste composition sample. In order to ensure the statistical significance of project results, a sufficient number of samples must be sorted and a sufficiently large sample weight must be correctly collected for sorting. The objectives of this project were to (1) identify composition of component generation; (2) analyze physical, chemical, and biological properties of wastes; (3) estimate materials recovery potential for recycling; (4) aid in the design of processing equipment. To accomplish this objective, a composition and property project was designed and implemented continuously for Taiwan, from February 2005 to December 2005. This project was planned to sample 39 municipal solid waste (MSW) sources (municipalities) in Taiwan once a season for every source and to analyze the physical and chemical compositions of MSW samples. Meanwhile, this project was also planned to sample and analyze each 3 residential area and municipal service area (office buildings) in Tai-Chung city for 7 days. MSW composition in Taiwan has changed dramatically in the past 10 years, accompanying changing lifestyles, higher living standards, and, more recently, a sharp increase in consumer packaging. Paper products made up the largest component of MSW generated (38.82%), and food scraps comprised the second-largest component (26.40%). Plastics were also a major component in MSW. The average content of plastics was 19.51% of the total MSW in 2005. The results showed that the trend of variation in plastics was decreased in the past 10 years. Metals and glass each constituted between 2 and 5 percent of the total MSW. Wood and yard trimming, rubber, leather, and textiles combined made up about 7% of MSW. Other miscellaneous organic wastes made up approximately 1 percent of the MSW in 2005. The average moisture content of the food scraps fraction was about 70 %, the remaining moisture being mostly associated with paper. The overall average moisture content in the MSW was found to be 54.56%. The combustibles made up a 90% of the MSW on average due to the low content of metals, glass, and other inorganic components. The average lower heating value (LHV) is about 1656.17 Kcal/kg. The results also showed the variation over past five year of moisture content and LHV. Accordingly, it is apparent that the dependency of the LHV on moisture content. The results obtained on MSW composition and properties will be useful in optimizing MSW collection, transformation, and disposal strategies and in studying the feasibility of introducing waste recycling ventures in the municipality of Taiwan. Based on observations during the Taiwan waste composition analysis project, it was concluded that a well-established database of MSW using the results of long-term sampling and analysis projects could reduce bias in results. This project also provided important information regarding consideration of trend in MSW management.

英文關鍵字

Refuse sampling ,proximate analysis ,ultimate analysis,energy content