EPA-94-FA11-03-A201

094

3,700 千元

2005/05/09

2005/12/31

劉紹臣

空保處

中央研究院環境變遷研究中心

化學物質管理

臭氧; 臭氧前驅物; 長程傳輸

Ozone; Ozone Precursors; Long-Range Transport

周崇光、龍世俊、張志忠、林傳堯、張士昱、許世傑

李崇德、陳正平、林博雄

張志忠

02-26539885-279

joechang@rcec.sinica.edu.tw

本計畫的主要目的為以空氣品質測站及大氣化學觀測資料為基礎，評估我國臭氧污染問題長期變化趨勢，推估臭氧與其前驅污染物之關聯，並初步提出具可行性之臭氧防制策略建議。本計畫除使用環保署1995-2004年空品站資料及國際相關文獻探討東北季風期間長程傳輸對台灣空氣品質的影響，另外並在2005年於台北和台中地區進行大氣化學觀測實驗，分析的項目包括揮發性有機污染物(VOCs)、氮氧化物(NO, NO2, NOx、PAN)、細徑氣膠(PM2.5)中硫酸銨、硝酸銨及有機碳等二次氣膠成分以及太陽短波輻射量等。主要的研究成果包括：(1)評估造成台灣地區臭氧過去十年增加之主要可能因素應為NO滴定效應(NO titration effect)減少及臭氧長程傳輸增加(亞洲大陸長程傳輸)。(2)以二維關聯方式(2D fitting)同時分析總氧化物(O3+NO2)與兩大類前驅物NMHC及NOx之關聯性，顯示高屏地區總氧化物濃度高低與初始排放NMHC濃度有較密切之關係，與另一前驅物NOx則較無明顯關聯性。(3)2005年台北地區土城測站及台中地區崇倫測站在量測時期內明顯看出總氧化物濃度有隨ethylbenzene/m,p-xylene比值(光化程度指標)大小而變動的趨勢。(4) 台北、台中都會區以xylene、toluene、1,2,4-TMB及isoprene、CO、ethene及propene具有最大之臭氧生成潛勢，主要臭氧前驅物中的xylene、1,2,4-TMB、CO、ethene及propene幾乎來自於交通源的排放，而toluene除了交通源的排放外，仍有明顯的非交通源排放。(5) 高雄都會區則以xylene、ethene、toluene、propene、CO與1,2,4-TMB等物種為主，其中ethene、toluene、propene各約有48-67%、34-68%、45-57%來自於非交通源排放(工業排放洩漏、溶劑使用)，而xylene主要排放源為機動車輛。

臭氧; 臭氧前驅物; 長程傳輸

EPA-94-FA11-03-A201.pdf

5MB

[期末報告]公開完整版

2006/5/1 上午 12:00:00

The objective of this project is to analyze the trend and factors of ozone variation in Taiwan according to the data of Taiwan EPA air quality monitoring network, international references and a series of intensive field measurements. In addition, relationship between ozone and its precursors is also examined to estimate and understand which precursors dominate ozone formation in Taiwan. The main results and assessments include: (1) Two factors contributed to the ozone increase in last decade in Taiwan: decreased nitrogen oxide titration of ozone, long-range transport of increasing ozone from the Asian continent. (2) For ozone control in Kaohsiung, NMHC is more efficient than NOx due to not only NO titration effect of ozone but also the nonlinearity of the ozone production efficiency as a function of NOx. (3) Variation of total oxidant concentrations (O3+NO2) significantly followed ethylbenzene/m,p-xylene ratios (the degree of photochemical processing) during the measurement periods in Taipei and Taichung. (4) In both Taipei and Taichung, xylene, toluene, 1,2,4-TMB, isoprene, CO, ethene and propene were calculated to have the highest ozone formation potentials (OFPs). Nevertheless, xylene, 1,2,4-TMB, CO, ethene and propene were mainly from traffic sources, toluene had significant emissions and/or leakage from non-traffic sources (5) In Kaohsiung, xylene, ethene, toluene, propene, CO and 1,2,4-TMB were calculated to have the highest OFPs. Ethene, toluene and propene were estimated that about 48-67%, 34-68%, 45-57% were emitted and/or leaked from non-traffic sources (industrial and solvent usage).

Ozone; Ozone Precursors; Long-Range Transport