EPA-95-H101-02-224

095

6,360 千元

2006/01/01

2007/02/28

周劍平

廢管處

曾德意

財團法人工業技術研究院

廢棄物管理

焚化灰渣，重金屬，戴奧辛

Incineration’s Ash, Heavy Metals, Dioxins

周劍平

03-5732681

cpchou@itri.org.tw

本計畫為兩年期計畫，計畫目標有三，分別為(1)掌握國內一般廢棄物焚化廠焚化灰渣重金屬溶出及戴奧辛總量，建立本土化焚化灰渣特性資料。(2)進行一般廢棄物焚化廠焚化灰渣之清理及再利用查核及輔導改善工作，減少對環境之衝擊。(3)研訂一般廢棄物焚化廠焚化灰渣再利用管理相關措施，健全再利用管理制度。 為能符合環保署對本計畫擬定之目標。本工作團隊針對一般廢棄物焚化廠，95年執行四次之焚化灰渣採樣及TCLP重金屬與戴奧辛檢測工作。檢測結果顯示仍有少數的飛灰中間處理衍生物重金屬溶出不符管制標準，而焚化底渣及飛灰中間處理衍生物戴奧辛之總量，均符合有害事業廢棄物認定標準1.0 ng I-TEQ/g的總量標準。 焚化灰渣特性分析資料庫維護更新及功能擴充方面，除已於94年度完成擴充資料庫功能使之與焚化廠相關之環保、工安、營建等單位主管機關法規網頁聯結，俾供使用者即時參考相關最新法令，並持續辦理每季一次之焚化灰渣（包括底渣、飛灰及其中間處理衍生物）採樣分析數據資料建置。焚化灰渣再利用品資料庫建置方面，亦已完成焚化灰渣再利用資料庫架構及網頁建置，並將本年度台北縣、臺北市及桃園縣各焚化廠底渣再利用相關流向及數量等基本資料陸續輸入建置於資料庫中。 焚化灰渣清理流向查核與輔導方面，已辦理95年1~12月之焚化灰渣上網申報資料查核，其中「事業廢棄物管制中心系統(IWMS)」與「焚化廠業務專區網站(SWIM)」系統申報內容差距不大，且係因兩系統之功能及申報與認定方式不同，非灰渣收受單位申報不實；灰渣清運機具GPS系統資料查核結果，除年初少數清運機構之清運車輛尚正辦理審核中外，後續均已通過審驗。 在檢討評析焚化灰渣處理及再利用政策方向與相關技術方面，經收集彙整先進國家底渣再利用管理之相關制度與作法，加強底渣再利用追蹤管理執行制度作法，並研提「一般廢棄物-垃圾焚化廠焚化底渣再利用管理方式」修正草案。 在研擬焚化灰渣再利用產品之工程應用規範方面，經收集評析提昇底渣再利用用途之前處理技術及潛在飛灰再利用前處理技術，並確立灰渣再利用應達「環境無害、工程無慮」之前處理目標，以及採「混拌使用」之使用原則。建立「高處理等級+低度管理 vs 分散管道再利用」及「低處理等級+高度管理 vs 大量集中使用」雙軌並行之推動策略。 在評估灰渣再利用產品申請環保標章認證之可行性方式方面，除簡介國際間環保標章之精神及制度外，並介紹我國環保標章之相關法令規定，以及評估灰渣再利用產品申請環保標章認證之可行性。 在編撰焚化灰渣再利用技術手冊方面，本計畫蒐羅國內外相關文獻及實廠技術資料，並彙整自94年度執行迄今之計畫相關辦理成果，編撰完成「垃圾焚化灰渣再利用技術手冊」，以提供國內產官學研最新且最完整的焚化灰渣再利用技術。並舉辦焚化灰渣再利用相關技術之教育訓練及研討會，提昇國內產官學研及相關從業人員灰渣處理及再利用之技術能力，進而達成提昇灰渣的品質及促進灰渣資源再利用的目標。 透過本計畫之執行，已逐步將「灰渣特性資料建立」、「焚化灰渣清理及再利用查核、追蹤與輔導改善」及「健全焚化灰渣再利用管理制度」，從源頭到再利用產品的管理串聯整合，整體推動焚化灰渣資源再利用政策，不但可消弭外界對於灰渣是否有害及再利用疑慮，亦可作為「一般廢棄物-垃圾焚化廠焚化底渣再利用管理方式」、「一般廢棄物回收清除處理辦法」等管理法令執行之具體成效，同時提供灰渣資源化處理設施操作管理之參考。

焚化灰渣，重金屬，戴奧辛

KM-99977290-1.pdf

7MB

[期末報告]公開版

2007/8/1 上午 12:00:00

This project is a two-year project, and the goals of this project are (1)to identify the heavy metal TCLP test results and the total dioxins amount of the incineration ash after burning domestic wastes；(2)to clean up the incineration ash of the domestic waste incinerators, and to audit, guide and assist the improvement work to minimize the environmental impact；(3)to establish the regulations and management system of reuse of the incineration ash from the domestic waste incinerators. In order to meet the goals of this project required by Taiwan EPA, this project team performed 4 times of sampling and analysis in 2006. The results showed that the TCLP test results of small amount of the incineration’s bottom ash and the intermediate treatment derivatives did not meet the regulatory standards. However, the total amount of the intermediate treatment derivatives and the incineration’s bottom ash met the 1.0 ng I-TEQ/g standard. Concerning the maintenance, revision and function enhancement of the database for incineration ash characteristic and analysis, the project of “Database of the Characteristics of Incineration’s Ash“ of 2005 has established the linkage to the relative law webpages. Besides, this project also performed the quarterly analysis of the incineration’s ash (including bottom ash, fly ash and intermediate treatment compounds). The link with the homepage of the agencies of environment, industrial safety and construction and so forth, enable the users to refer to the newest regulations. Concerning the establishment of the database, this project has currently completed the structure of the database and the homepage establishment, the information of the reuse of the incineration’s ash of Taipei County, Taipei City and Taoyuan County will also be input into this database. Concerning the audit, guidance and assistance of the cleaning and reuse of the incineration ash, this project matched up with “Industrial Waste Management System (IWMS) of Taiwan EPA”, “Specific Website for Incinerator’s Management (SWIM)”, and the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the cleaning of the incineration’s ash to complete the registration of the incineration ash from January to December of 2006 through the internet. The small difference between the registration contents between the IWMS and SWIM is mainly due to the difference of registration and recognition between IWMS and SWIM, and is not due to the dishonesty of registration. Except small amount of vehicles of the cleaning institutions is under examination or required to be re-examined, the results of the GPS of the cleaning equipments of the incineration ash have passed the examination. On the aspect of policy of the treatment and reuse of the incineration bottom ash, this project collected the related system of the management for bottom ash from foreign countries, and revised “The Regulation of General Waste, the Reuse of the Incinerator’s Bottom Ash”. After evaluating the demand of the low grade materials for the public engineering is sufficient for the supply of the regenerated aggregation, exploiting the use of the bottom ash and ensuring its application to make sure of engineering safety and environmental harmlessness. It should establish the double track promotion strategy：“High Treatment Class + Low Degree Management versus the Reuse of Dispersing Channels“ and “Low Treatment Class + High Degree Management versus the Reuse of Mass Concentration.“ For the evaluation of feasibility of applying environmental green mark on the ash-reused products, the project introduced the international regulation systems and their philosophies, as well as introduced Taiwan’s relative aspects. It also evaluated the feasibility on applying the green mark for the products. On editing the technical handbook for the reuse of incineration ash, this project collected relative literatures and case studies from international and domestic information. The project puts together a series of project results since FY 2005, and finished editing “Technical Handbook for the Reuse of Incineration Ash”, so that it can provide the most updates on the technology. The project also conducted the related technical trainings and symposiums, so that the domestic capability on the reusing the ash can be enhanced. The accomplishments of the project include: the synergism of “The Establish of the Characteristic of the Ash”, “Improvement of the Clean up and the audit, trace, guidance and assistance of the Incineration’s ash”, “The Sound Management System of the Reuse of the Incineration’s Ash” could follow out the policy of the reuse of the incineration ash. This could eliminate not only the question of “how hazardous the ash is?” but also the embodied accomplishments of “The Regulation of General Waste, the Reuse of the Incinerator’s Bottom Ash” and “The Regulation of the Recycling, Clearance and Disposal of the General Waste”. It would give a reference for the management of the resource treatment of ash.

Incineration’s Ash, Heavy Metals, Dioxins