1. Air Quality Status and Analysis
(1) In the recent years(2012~2020), the percentage of bad air quality (AQI>100) in Taiwan was increased from north to south, and the main pollutants were particulate matter and ozone. Kaohsiung and Tainan’s percentage of bad air quality were the top 1 and top 2 in six municipalities because of their geographically location in the downwind of Taiwan. The percentage of bad air quality (AQI>100) form north to south in April 2020 was 1.9% in Taipei City, 1.9% in New Taipei City, 3.4% in Taoyuan City, 4.8% in Taichung City, 13.5% in Tainan City and 14.7% in Kaohsiung City. In 2020, the percentage pollution of bad air quality was 10.1% of ozone and 5.5% of particulate matter. Statistics from January until April in 2021, the percentage of pollution was 11.2% of particulate matter and 2.3% of ozone in bad air quality days.
(2) From 2018 to 2020, the percentage of bad air quality (AQI>100) in Tainan was the highest with 345 site days (23.6%) in 2018, the second highest with 336 site day(23.1%) in 2019 and the lowest with 229 site days in 2020 . Additional statistics from January to April in four years, there were highest 197 site days(13.5%) in 2021, 173 site days(11.9%) in 2018, 154 site days(10.6%) in 2019 and the lowest 122 site days(8.4%) in 2020.
(3) Environmental Protection Administration had announced "Cities and Counties Air Pollution Control Zones" revised edition. Therefore, Tainan was classified in third-level control zone of PM10, PM2.5 and O3, 8h. Because of tighter air quality standards, daily and annual average standard of PM2.5 concentration are 100 µg/m3 and 50 µg/m3. Tainan was classified in secondary-level control zone of O3(ppm) and newly added in third-level control zone of O3, 8h.
(4) In the recent ten years, the concentration of air pollution roughly showed the downward trend. Especially PM10 had already qualified for new standard, below annual average standard 50µg/m3 and daily average standard 100µg/m3 from 2019 to 2020. The annual average concentration of PM10 in 2020 was 37.8 µg/m3 and the improvement rate was 25.4% in the recent five years. The eighth largest value of daily average concentration of PM10 was 57.5 µg/m3 in 2020 and improvement rate was 30.9% in the recent five years. The annual average concentration of PM2.5 in 2020 was 18.4 µg/m3 and the improvement rate was 30.3% in the recent five years. The 24 hours average concentration of PM2.5 was 42 µg/m3 in 2020 and improvement rate was 38.7% in the recent five years. The hours average concentration of O3 in 2020 was 93.8 µg/m3 and the improvement rate was 13.7% in the recent five years. The average concentration of O3, 8h was 74.9 µg/m3 in 2020 and improvement rate was 0.5% in the recent five years.
2. Emergency Management of Bad Air Quality
(1) This plan mastered the relevant list of “Deteriorating Air Quality Behavior”, which included 13 asphalt concrete industry, 1 cement raw material loading and unloading in port, 104 boiler industry, 3 volatile organic liquid storage tank and 61 large park(leaf blower inspection ).
(2) During the execution of the plan, we announce relevant industry to stop “Deteriorating Air Quality Behavior” 11 times. In addition, we inspected 36 factories of asphalt concrete industry. Among them, 27 factories had stopped operation in accordance with the regulations, but there also 9 had not stopped because Security issues.
(3) In order to reduce air pollution, we had established emergency management mechanism of bad air quality, including announcement and inspection relevant industry. During the execution of the plan, we executed emergency management for 128 days due to deterioration warning level two. According different condition which including wind direction, pollution and warning are, we had inspected 319 factories in total and find out 55 factories’ violations. The violations had 49.2% of data recording issue, 47.5% of control equipment had not operating as required and 3.3% of operating without obtaining an operating permit. According to statistics, the total reduction of TSP was reduced 231.9 metric tons, PM10 reduced 51.2 metric tons, PM2.5 reduced 11.2 metric tons, SOx reduced 1.1 metric tons, NOx reduced 1.2 metric tons and VOCs reduced 1.7 metric tons.
(4) In October 23, 2020, we hold a meeting “Deteriorating Air Quality Event Rehearsal”. This meeting simulated the emergency management of the first-level early warning, establishing a cross-bureau emergency team, controlling air quality behavior. And through actual exercises, each bureau had understood the division of responsibilities and procedures.
(5) Assisted in revising “Tainan City’s Air Quality Deterioration Prevention Measures Plan“, mainly adding “Air Pollution Behaviors During the Precautionary Period of Air Quality Deterioration” and revising related contingency operations and procedures, which were completed on December 15, 2020.
(6) Cooperate in participating in Yunjianan related meetings and related meetings of the Environmental Protection Administration's cross-regional cooperation prevention team for air pollution in bad air quality seasons. We participated in 18 meetings and completed 6 joint inspections in total.
3. Pollution source tracking and detection
(1) Executed UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle) missions 15 times, which including 8 times inspection for field burning and construction site, 7 times monitoring for industrial area. In monitoring missions, UAV, which carried air box, had detected relatively high value of PM2.5 and PM10 in Jiali Industrial Area at night.
(2) Pollution discharge pipe detection for PSN concentration had been executed for 8 times. The results indicated 1 particulate matter exceeding emission standard in “Jiapin Ceramics Co., Ltd.”.
(3) Volatile organic gas inspection and testing for equipment components had been executed for 8,000 points, which including 1,222 points(15.3%) for difficult detection and 13 difficult detection points exceeding emission standard in different 3 industry. The failure rate for normal and difficult points was 0.15% and 0.25%. In addition, infrared gas imaging camera detection had been executed for 16 days for cooperating with volatile organic gas inspection.
(4) Executed infrared gas imaging camera detection 16 days for detecting high pollution emission potential factory leak. The result indicated that there had 3 sites leak of 17 industries factories. One of leak site had been reported according to law and other two had been improved in limit of time.
(5) Analysis of flue discharge pipes in the iron and steel industry had been completed for 2 times, and test data had been submitted to the Environmental Protection Administration.
(6) Odor inspection and testing operations had been executed for 7 pipes and 2 points boundaries, the result indicated that all of 7 pies and 2 boundaries was standards compliant. But the 2 sites were treated as the future potential pollution emission place because of their higher value.
4. Strengthen the advocacy work during the deterioration of air quality.
(1) Executed Real-time monitoring of air quality monitoring data, and assisted to post news information and initiating response actions. A total of 8 environmental news have been published.
(2)Assisted to publish air pollution control results, air quality science knowledge and air quality serious deterioration reminders on Facebook. A total of 38 air quality messages had been published on Facebook.
