112

16,000 千元

地方政府執行空氣污染防制工作

2023/03/23

2023/12/31

吳書易

臺北市政府環境保護局

施純如

春迪企業股份有限公司

大氣空氣

移動污染源、SCR系統、遙測、生質柴油、汰舊補助

mobile pollution source, SCR system, Remote sensing, Biodiesel, subsidy for scrapping

林忠宏

李志弘

02-85110701#225

edwardlee007181@gmail.com

移動污染源係造成都會區空氣品質劣化的主要原因之一，其中柴油車排放之黑煙最令民眾詬病，而本計畫藉由執行各項柴油車之稽查管制作業，以改善臺北市之空氣品質，給予市民乾淨清新之生活環境。 計畫期程內已執行目視判煙通知501輛次；另動力計檢測計9,206輛次；而路邊攔檢/場站檢測檢測計1,280輛次，其中不透光率不合格數則為140輛次；至於主動到檢則已寄發3,001輛次。 為加強SCR車輛之管制，本計畫針對配備SCR系統之柴油車於尾氣量測NOx與NH3濃度，112年已完成100輛SCR車輛檢測作業，其中54輛次SCR有異常情形（NOx沒降且NH3低），洽詢車輛維修部門，異常原因包含尿素噴嘴阻塞導致霧化不完全，尿素泵浦內漏等原因。由目前測試結果發現SCR系統設備異常多可歸責於平時車輛維護保養，建議保養廠應建立應檢查項目（如OBD診斷、SCR系統外觀等），本計畫113年亦將通告業者將尿素噴嘴、尿素泵列為定期維修項目，到檢時如發現尿素噴嘴結晶，則加測NOx，另評估擴大至大型車隊可行性，確保配備SCR系統之車輛正常無虞。 遙測可減少人力及增加安全性，優於現行路邊稽查作業，112年本計畫與車測中心合作於堤頂交流道及中正紀念堂等區域進行架設，遙測車輛計19,158輛次，站外稽查數量（含路邊攔查/檢、場站稽查/服務及遙測）較111年增加2.3倍，其中汽油車遙測數全國第一。汽油車稽查對象主要為車齡10年車輛，本計畫率全國之先依遙測CO及HC數值，通知汽油車到檢。汽油車有污染之虞者，81%為車齡15年以上小貨車，遙測不合格複驗後HC由273.8ppm降為200ppm，改善率約27.0%。柴油車遙測依據車測中心建議，以NO及NO/CO2數值通知柴油車到檢，柴油車有污染之虞者，86%為車齡7年以上小貨車。目前柴油車並無規範NO遙測及檢測標準，建議環境部能協助訂定相關柴油車遙測及檢測標準，強化柴油車管制作為。 生質柴油可減碳85%，為推動淨零碳排，環保局112年3月率先於洗街車中添加B20生質柴油，試行前已完成油箱清洗、柴油管路清洗或更換、油水分離器更換、濾芯器更換、機油濾芯器更換及機油更換等先前保養作業，由於洗街車推動有初步成效，已協助環保局由公而私推動物流車輛加入試行行列，3輛車試行迄今已使用2,817.75公升之生質柴油，推估可減少6,797.05公斤碳排放。由於生質柴油有助於減少碳排放，故在推動運具全電化前可作為過度能源加以使用。 在1-3期大型車汰舊補助方面，除111年底預先提出汰舊補助申請外，112年已不再提供補助，環境部改以「老舊車輛汰舊換新空氣污染物減量補助辦法」及「老舊汽車汰舊換新溫室氣體減量獎勵辦法」，空污補助主要規範各車種（包括機車、小客貨車及大客貨車）、減碳獎勵規範車種為小客貨車，如果民眾淘汰舊車換購電動車輛或低碳排車輛後，如將其減量效益歸屬給環境部，則可獲得空污補助新臺幣2,000元及減碳獎勵1萬2,000元，若換購為油電混合動力車，其每輛車補助為全電動車之一半。另外，環境部表示，為配合「行政院環境保護署審查開發行為空氣污染物排放量增量抵換處理原則」、「行政院環境保護署審查開發行為溫室氣體排放量增量抵換處理原則」中開發單位可從車輛汰舊換新取得抵換量之規定，將針對這次擴大整合車種另訂媒合作業程序，據以協助環評開發業者於媒合平台依所提出的價格，向完成汰舊換新之新車實際購買人購買其減量效益，加速政府與民間合力推動運具電動化。不過，如新車實際購買人選擇將其減量效益歸屬環境部領取補助款後，不得再參與媒合作業。本計畫仍持續配合相關政策宣導，期能持續汰舊老舊車輛。 今（112）年本市汰舊換新及污染改善目標為359輛，統計至112年10月，累積已汰舊1-3期大型車計177輛，調修燃油控制系統則有98輛，小計275輛，若包含111年提前達標之470輛，112年總計已達745輛，已可達成環境部訂定之目標。環境部今（112）年持續針對3期以下申請污染改善補助異常案件提供予環保局做後續稽查，本年度已協助環境部完成2輛車之查核作業，另已協助環境部完成3家認證保養場查核作業，認證調修業者舊品均保留無誤，發票及工單亦無異常，而所屬設備亦與申請認證時一致。 本計畫透過檢測不合格車輛之污染改善、檢驗前車輛調修及相關補助政策申請，加上導入創能及除能設備，推動車況點檢及檢測無紙化作業及生質柴油試行等工作，並依環境部建議之削減係數及年行駛里程推估本計畫112年粒狀污染物（PM10）可削減66.71噸/年，另CO2則可削減17,851.66噸/年。

移動污染源、SCR系統、遙測、生質柴油、汰舊補助

112北市期末定稿.pdf

49MB

112北市期末定稿

2024/1/25 上午 12:00:00

The mobile pollution source is one of the main reasons for the deterioration of air quality in urban areas, with diesel vehicle emissions, particularly black smoke, being a major concern among the public. This project aims to improve air quality in Taipei City by conducting inspections and controls on diesel vehicles, providing citizens with a clean and fresh living environment. Within the project timeline, 501 visual smoke inspections have been conducted, along with 9,206 dynamometer tests, and 1,280 roadside/station inspections. Among them, 140 vehicles failed the opacity test. Additionally, 3,001 proactive inspections have been issued. To strengthen control over Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) vehicles, the project conducted NOx and NH3 concentration measurements on 100 SCR-equipped diesel vehicles in 2023. Out of these, 54 vehicles exhibited abnormalities (NOx not reduced and low NH3 levels). Consultation with vehicle maintenance departments revealed issues such as blocked urea nozzles causing incomplete atomization and internal leaks in urea pumps. The project recommends maintenance facilities to establish inspection items (e.g., OBD diagnosis, SCR system appearance, etc.), and in 2024, will notify operators to include urea nozzles and pumps as regular maintenance items. Remote sensing can reduce manpower and enhance safety compared to current roadside inspections. In 2023, the project collaborated with the Vehicle Emission Remote Sensing Center to install remote sensing equipment at locations such as the Daping Expressway and Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall. Remote sensing was applied to 19,158 vehicles, and the overall inspection quantity (including roadside checks, station inspections/services, and remote sensing) increased by 2.3 times compared to 2022. The remote sensing of gasoline vehicles ranked first nationwide. Gasoline vehicle inspections mainly targeted vehicles aged 10 years, with 81% of those found to be at risk being small trucks over 15 years old. After reinspection, the HC level decreased from 273.8 ppm to 200 ppm, resulting in an improvement rate of approximately 27.0%. For diesel vehicles, remote sensing notifications were based on NO and NO/CO2 values, with 86% of vehicles at risk being small trucks over 7 years old. The project suggests that the Ministry of Environment should help establish relevant standards for NO remote sensing and testing for diesel vehicles. Biodiesel can reduce carbon emissions by 85%. To promote zero carbon emissions, the Environmental Protection Bureau added B20 biodiesel to street cleaning vehicles in March 2023. Preliminary results from street cleaning vehicles led to the extension of the trial to logistics vehicles, with three vehicles having used 2,817.75 liters of biodiesel, estimated to reduce 6,797.05 kg of carbon emissions. Biodiesel can serve as a transitional energy source before full electrification of vehicles. Regarding the subsidy for scrapping old large vehicles in phases 1-3, no subsidies were provided in 2023 after pre-application at the end of 2022. The Ministry of Environment introduced the "Subsidy Program for Scrapping Old Vehicles to Reduce Air Pollutants" and the "Subsidy Program for Scrapping Old Vehicles to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Subsidies for air pollution reduction apply to all vehicle types, while carbon reduction incentives apply to small trucks. If citizens retire old vehicles and purchase electric or low-emission vehicles, attributing the emission reduction benefits to the Ministry of Environment results in a subsidy of NT$2,000 for air pollution and NT$12,000 for carbon reduction. If purchasing a hybrid vehicle, the subsidy is half that of a fully electric vehicle. Additionally, to align with emission offset principles, developers can purchase emission reduction benefits from vehicle scrappage on a matching platform. The project continues to promote relevant policies, aiming to retire old vehicles continuously. As of October 2023, the target for retiring old and improving pollution was 359 vehicles. Cumulatively, 177 vehicles in phases 1-3 have been retired, with 98 vehicles having their fuel control systems adjusted. Including the 2022 target of 470 vehicles, a total of 745 vehicles have been retired in 2023, exceeding the Ministry of Environment's set target. The Ministry of Environment continues to assist in checking abnormal cases for pollution improvement subsidy applications for vehicles below phase 3. This year, it has completed inspections for two vehicles and three certified maintenance facilities, finding no issues with equipment, invoices, or work orders. Through pollution improvement for vehicles failing inspections, pre-inspection adjustments, and related subsidy policy applications, as well as the introduction of creative and enabling equipment, the project promotes vehicle condition checks, paperless inspections, and the trial use of biodiesel. According to the Ministry of Environment's recommended reduction factors and annual mileage, the project estimates a reduction of 66.71 tons/year of particulate matter (PM10) and 17,851.66 tons/year of CO2 emissions in 2023.

mobile pollution source, SCR system, Remote sensing, Biodiesel, subsidy for scrapping