111

19,850 千元

空氣品質管理

2022/04/22

2023/11/30

蔡志賢

環境部大氣環境司

郭文娟

景丰科技股份有限公司

大氣空氣

排放清冊、排放減量、面源排放量

Emissions Inventory, Emission Reduction, Area-Source Emission

郭箴誠

楊于昕

02-23778011#277

yusein@simenvi.com.tw

為掌握全國排放量趨勢，作為管制之參考，國家空氣污染物排放清冊定期進行基準年總檢討計算，並在歷年間進行局部更新。本年度計畫之工作執行重點，以推估110年基準年之新版空氣污染物排放量（TEDS 12.0）為主軸，本計畫之主要成果摘要如下： 1. 檢討108年基準年排放清冊TEDS 11.0並更新為TEDS 11.1：本計畫檢討更新108年基準年排放量，主要修正線源與面源排放量，包括公車客運活動強度參數、面源礦場風蝕粗顆粒排放係數氣象參數、航空器及港區船舶燃燒排放修正、面源未列管工廠排放量及餐飲業油煙防制效率更新等。修正後TEDS 11.1版相較於11.0版總排放量TSP增加1,003公噸，SOX減少4,087公噸，NOX減少1,885公噸，NMHC減少5,155公噸。TEDS 11.1版已於111年7月公告上架。 2. 研擬及建置新版110年基準年之空氣污染物排放清冊TEDS 12.0：本計畫參考歐美排放清冊以排放量大且推估方法不確定性大之污染源為優先精進對象，盤點檢視清冊排放量推估方法及範疇，線源範疇新增純電動車，公車客運區分公路客運與市區公車，非公路運輸新增港區內作業船舶與領海排放量。本計畫建置空氣污染防制方案減量成效計算模組、說明新版清冊歷年回溯及未來年預測方法及建立新版清冊資料彙整標準作業方式，TEDS 12.0新版清冊之建置結果，110基準年各主要污染物全國總排放量（TSP、PM10、PM2.5、SOX、NOX、VOCs）相較於前次清冊TEDS 11.1版108基準年排放量均呈現下降，其中，細懸浮微粒（PM2.5）差異幅度約24%、硫氧化物（SOX）差異幅度約20%、氮氧化物（NOX）差異幅度約18%、非甲烷碳氫化合物（NMHC）差異幅度約19%，歸納差異幅度原因包含自然經濟因素變動影響、管制策略影響、增加範疇、推估方法精進等。 3. 排放趨勢掌握及蒐整活動強度數據：本計畫分析各項法定污染物之排放情勢，使用衛星遙測及影像分類技術判釋110年至111年大型河川裸露地表面積，亦蒐集分析空氣污染排放基數及掌握污染潛勢。110年相較於108年機動車輛總數、工業生產指數、國內能源消費等雖皆為上升，然因近年工業製程與車輛之污染物排放受後端控制設備普及率及處理效率影響較大，故即使未控制最大排放潛勢上升，實際排放量卻為下降。根據TEDS 12.0版清冊之歷年排放量回溯修正結果，近十年（101~110年）各法定污染物（TSP、SOX、NOX、VOC）之總排放量趨勢變化顯示各空品區多有較明顯之下降趨勢，除部分空品區之TSP總排放量於105~109年有較明顯之上升趨勢，主要來源為車行揚塵、營建、農田風蝕等。以模式模擬檢核新版清冊排放量合理性，顯示TEDS 12.0相較於TEDS 11.0版粒狀物模擬結果整體改善。 4. 檢討及改善面源及自然源推估方法學、引用公式及係數：本計畫已檢討新版清冊面源自然源推估方法學，精進項目包括餐飲業、旱田、建物火災、民俗信仰、一般消費用品、未列管工廠、建築表面塗裝、礦場、漁船及離島商船、車行揚塵、河川揚塵、農田風蝕及山坡崩塌地等污染源推估方式。本計畫依TEDS 11.1版推估方法完成面源試算模組建置，已於111年10月中旬開放共30項以上試算模組供縣市試算使用。本計畫亦完成110年生物源推估模式資料更新、排放量推估及驗證，資料更新包括110基準年林地植被及氣象等資料，驗證方法採用模式比對法。 5. 建立空氣污染防制減量計算方法與排放清冊污染量估算之互相回饋機制：本計畫建置以108年為基準年、符合TEDS 11.1版排放量推估參係數及推估方法之空氣污染防制方案減量成效計算模組，已於111年12月上架於特定網頁平台供縣市環保局使用。本計畫並利用排放量管理計畫說明會邀請各縣市分享其排放量調查推估方式或對清冊之建議，建立縣市與清冊定期互相回饋機制。清冊單位已彙整縣市意見、法規最新修訂、科研計畫成果及部內意見討論等納入TEDS 12.0版修正建議。 6. 執行與規劃排放量管理計畫，舉辦空氣污染物排放量推估教育訓練：本計畫完成111~112年期排放量管理計畫各項工作，計畫期間依據新版清冊建置需求新增工作項目或對部分工作項目及提報方式進行調整。本計畫已彙整111~112年期縣市提報資料，並已完成111年期審核評分繳交至環境部。本計畫已於112年6月8日辦理新版清冊空氣污染物排放量推估教育訓練會，並已回覆及處理縣市提出意見。本計畫亦已於111年6月28日、112年3月27日辦理排放量管理計畫說明會，除由清冊單位向縣市說明111~112年期排放量管理計畫新增及調整項目外，亦邀請縣市分享排放量自行推估/調查或減量計算方式，回饋縣市對於清冊推估方式之修正建議。 7. 更新及維護網頁資訊與排放量管理計畫線上提報系統：本計畫已完成TEDS 12.0版清冊110基準年資料上網公開，配合環境部更新環境資源資料交換平台清冊相關資料至TEDS 11.1版，依環境部規範定期檢測維護清冊相關網頁及加強網頁安全性防護，完成全新制式化排放量管理計畫線上提報系統架設作業及弱點掃描並已於111年7月1日正式啟用。 8. 其他行政支援作業：本計畫不定期配合辦理計畫相關會議並協助製作簡報等相關資料。本計畫完成「我國稻作農廢露天燃燒排放係數建置與排放量之推估」及「我國建物火災空氣污染物排放量推估」等兩篇清冊成果相關論文，分別投稿至中華民國環境工程學會2022、2023空氣污染控制技術研討會審驗通過定稿，分別已於111年11月18~19日、112年11月17~19於上述研討會以海報展示發表。本計畫已於112年1月5日及112年11月14日配合環境部辦理空氣污染排放清冊使用者研討會（共2場次），邀請與清冊污染源相關之研究學者與會分享其研究成果，聽取縣市環保局及專家學者意見作為清冊未來精進方向之參考。

排放清冊、排放減量、面源排放量

111A128.pdf

68MB

2024/3/31 上午 12:00:00

In order to grasp the national emission trends, as a reference for regulation, the base year emission calculation is reviewed and conducted regularly to renew the national air pollutant emission inventory, and to update it partially over the years. The focus of this project is to estimate the new version of air pollutant emissions (TEDS 12.0) in the base year of 2021, and the main achievements are summarized as follows: 1. Review of the 2019 base year emission inventory TEDS 11.0 and update to TEDS 11.1: This plan reviews and updates the 2019 base year emissions, mainly correcting line and non-point source emissions. In comparison to TEDS 11.0, the total emissions of TSP increased by 1,003 metric tons, SOX decreased by 4,087 metric tons, NOX decreased by 1,885 metric tons, and NMHC decreased by 5,155 metric tons. TEDS 11.1 has been announced in July 2022. 2. Development of the 2021 base year air pollutant emission inventory TEDS 12.0: Referring to the European and American emission inventories, pollution sources with large emissions and high uncertainty were selected for review. The project conducted an inventory review of the emission estimation methods and scope of the inventory. Pure electric vehicles are added to the line source category, and bus transportation are divided into urban and highways. Emissions from operating ships in the port area and from territorial waters have been added to non-road scope. Calculation modules for the emissions reduction were built. Methods of the new version of the inventory's past year review and future year forecast were explained, and a new version of the standard operating method of inventory data collection was established. The construction results of the new version TEDS 12.0 inventory (2021 base year) are as follows: the total national emissions of each major pollutant (TSP, PM10, PM2.5, SOX, NOX, VOCs) are all declined compared with the previous inventory TEDS 11.1 version (2019 base year). Among them, fine suspended particles (PM2.5), sulfur oxides (SOX) , nitrogen oxides (NOX) and the non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) dropped by 24%, 20%, 18% and 19%, respectively. The reasons for the differences include the impact of changes in natural economic factors, regulatory strategies and increased scope, as well as improvements in estimation methods. 3. Emission trend control and activity intensity data collection: The emission trends of various statutory pollutants were analyzed. The exposed surface area of large rivers from 2021 to 2022 was determined using satellite telemetry. According to the retrospective revision results of emissions over the years of TEDS 12.0, the trends in the total emissions of each statutory pollutant (TSP, SOX, NOX, VOC) in the past ten years (2012~2021) show that there is obvious reduction in each area, except for some areas where the total TSP emissions showed an upward trend from 2016 to 2020, due to vehicle dust, construction, farmland wind erosion, etc. Model simulation was used to check the rationality of emissions of TEDS 12.0, which showed an overall improvement in the particulate matter simulation results of TEDS 12.0 compared to TEDS 11.0. 4. Review and improvements of the non-point and natural sources emissions estimation methodology: Improved projects include the catering industry, dry fields, building fires, folk beliefs, general consumer goods, unmanaged factories, building surface coatings, mines, fishing boats and merchant ships on outlying islands, vehicle dust, river dust, farmland wind erosion and hillside collapse. Area source trial calculation modules based on TEDS 11.1 method were constructed, and a total of more than 30 trial modules were opened for county and city users. The 2021 base year biological source data were updated (including forest vegetation and meteorological data), and the emission estimation results were verified using the model comparison method. 5. Establishment of a mutual feedback mechanism between air pollution prevention reduction calculation and emission inventory pollution estimation: The pollution reduction calculation modules conforming to TEDS 11.1 were put on a specific web platform in December 2022 for use by local environmental protection bureaus. County and city environmental protection bureaus were invited to share their emission survey and estimation methods or suggestions for inventories, and a regular feedback mechanism between local governments and inventories is established. The inventory unit has compiled the opinions of counties and cities, the latest revisions of regulations, scientific research project results, and discussions within the ministry into the revision suggestions for TEDS 12.0. 6. Implement of the emission management plan and related conferences: Various tasks of the 2022~2023 emission management plan have been completed, where new requirements were established based on the need of the new version inventory. The data submitted by counties and cities in the 2022 and 2023 years have been compiled, and the scores of 2022 data have been completed and submitted to the Ministry of Environment. An education and training conference on estimating the emission of air pollutants of TEDS 12.0 has been held on June 8, 2023. Emission management plan illustration conferences were held on June 28, 2022 and March 27, 2023, where local governments are also invited to share their own emission estimation/investigation or reduction calculation methods, and provide their suggestions for revising the inventory estimation method. 7. Maintainance of the TEDS web page information and the emission management plan online reporting system: The TEDS 12.0 2021 base year data have been made available online, and the data of the TEDS related webpages and resources platform were upated and maintained regularly, in accordance with the Ministry of Environment's regulations. The new standardized emission management plan online reporting system have been officially launched on July 1, 2022. 8. Other administrative supporting operations: The TEDS unit has also assisted in the production of presentations and other related materials for project-related meetings from time to time. Two papers related to the inventory results, "Estimation of Emission Coefficients and Emissions from Open-air Burning of Rice Agricultural Waste in Taiwan" and "Estimation of Air Pollutant Emissions from Building Fires in Taiwan", were submitted to the 2022 and 2023 Air Pollution Control Technology Symposiums of the Society of Engineering, which have been approved and finalized, and have been published in poster presentations at the above seminars on November 18-19, 2022, and November 17-19, 2023 respectively. The Air Pollution Emission Inventory User Seminars (a total of 2 sessions) have been held on January 5, 2023 and November 14, 2023, where researchers related to inventory pollution sources have been invited to share their research results, and the opinions of county and city environmental protection bureaus, experts and scholars were collected as a reference for future improvements in TEDS.

Emissions Inventory, Emission Reduction, Area-Source Emission